International audienceWe present the results of monitoring the speed of optical turbulent layers in the atmosphere above San Pedro Mártir, Mexico, during 15 nights in 2000 May. The data were obtained using the generalized scintillation detection and ranging technique (generalized SCIDAR), developed at Nice University. This paper constitutes the second in a series. The first paper presents results concerning measurements of optical turbulence strength obtained at the same site and time. The principal results of the present article are as follows: (1) The wind profiles remain stable during each night. (2) No correlation between the turbulence intensity C2N and the speed of the turbulent layers, V, is detected for speeds lower than ~45 m s-1. Above that speed, which was only exceeded in the jet-stream layer on one night, the optical turbulence strength is seen to increase. (3) Layers in the first 4 km and higher than 16 km above sea level are similarly slow, with median speeds of 8.6 and 9.6 m s-1, respectively. (4) Between 9 and 16 km, where the jet stream flows on some of the nights, the median wind speed is 26.0 m s-1. (5) From simultaneous measurements of C2N(h) and V(h), we compute the temporal coherence of the turbulence, layer by layer, in 500 m thick layers. This is the first time that such data have been published. For a multiconjugate adaptive optics system, our measurements show that the temporal responses of three deformable mirrors conjugated on the ground and at 6 km and 13 km above sea level, each one correcting for the turbulence in 500 m thick layers, would need to be 64, 40, and 20 ms. (6) The vertical variation of V dominates the vertical variation of the coherence time. (7) For the first time, we compare wind velocity profiles obtained from three different sources: generalized SCIDAR, NCEP/NCAR (National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research) reanalysis data, and meteorological research balloons. The comparison shows excellent agreement in both the modulus and the direction of the wind velocity

Palabras clave: Estrategias de prevención, realidad virtual y psicoeducación, factores de riesgo, imagen corporal, conducta alimentaria anómala, significancia clínica.

La Organización Mundial de la Salud refiere que el consumo de drogas psicoactivas es un problema relevante de salud pública en el mundo ya que genera graves consecuencias a nivel individual, familiar y social. En México, de acuerdo con la Encuesta Nacional de Consumo de Drogas, Alcohol y Tabaco, ha habido un incremento en el consumo de drogas legales e ilegales entre los años 2011 y 2016, reportando dependencia a drogas el 0.6% de la población de 12 a 65 años. Se ha encontrado que la mayoría de los consumos de sustancias están relacionadas a factores emocionales como el estrés, los afectos negativos y la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa. Como parte de las terapias de tercera generación, la de atención plena ha despertado un creciente interés desde 1990 en el campo científico en cuanto que se relaciona con mejoras en la satisfacción de vida, felicidad, reducción de depresión y ansiedad, entre otras psicopatologías (Pérez, 2006). De igual manera, ha sido llevada al campo de las conductas adictivas, demostrando eficacia y efectividad en el tratamiento del consumo de sustancias. El objetivo de esta investigación fue probar los efectos de un tratamiento psicológico basado en la atención plena compasiva sobre la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, la felicidad, la compasión y el consumo de sustancias, para lo cual se utilizó un diseño intrasujetos, administrándose a cuatro pacientes con trastornos por consumo de sustancias en una intervención grupal de nueve sesiones. Se tomaron medidas basales, en el postratamiento y el seguimiento a un mes, calculándose el tamaño del efecto clínico de cada una de esas variables. Los resultados sugieren que la intervención de atención plena compasiva fue eficaz para reducir la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, la felicidad fluctuante y el patrón de consumo, e incrementar la felicidad duradera y la compasión.

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Introduction: Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) and high dose (APHD) remain a common practice in the treatment of severe mental illness, even though they are not supported by current international guidelines. Methods: We aimed to establish the prescribing patterns of antipsychotics in a community mental health service in a rural setting, to determine the prevalence of APP and APHD treatment and to identify associated factors. Results: We identified 284 patients. APP was present in 46.5% patients and was associated to younger age, single status, more previous psychiatric admissions, and anticholinergic prescription. Prescription of APHD was observed in 14.4% patients and was associated with previous inpatient admissions, being prescribed with a first generation long‑acting injectable antipsychotic and anticholinergics. We also found that APP and APHD were mutually associated. Conclusion: Despite current guidelines, we found prevalences of APP and APHD of 46.5% and 14.4%, respectively. Further studies are necessary to better evaluate the antipsychotic prescription patterns in Portugal.