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Background: Augmented reality (AR) is a new human-computer interaction technology that combines virtual reality, computer vision, and computer networks. With the rapid advancement of the medical field towards intelligence and data visualisation, AR systems are becoming increasingly popular in the medical field because they can provide doctors with clear enough medical images and accurate image navigation in practical applications. However, it has been discovered that different display types of AR systems have different effects on doctors' perception of the image after virtual-real fusion during the actual medical application. If doctors cannot correctly perceive the image, they may be unable to correctly match the virtual information with the real world, which will have a significant impact on their ability to recognise complex structures. Methods: This paper uses Citespace, a literature analysis tool, to visualise and analyse the research hotspots when AR systems are used in the medical field. Results: A visual analysis of the 1163 articles retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database reveals that display technology and visualisation technology are the key research directions of AR systems at the moment. Conclusion: This paper categorises AR systems based on their display principles, reviews current image perception optimisation schemes for various types of systems, and analyses and compares different display types of AR systems based on their practical applications in the field of smart medical care so that doctors can select the appropriate display types based on different application scenarios.

Background: China is a big country with a vast territory, in which gastropathy has become a common high-incidence disease in daily life. Gastroscopy is an important means of diagnosis of gastropathy, but the use of a gastroscope causes a lot of pain to patients. A cable-free, non-invasive and painless diagnosis and treatment tool, an active capsule endoscope robot, can solve this problem very well. Capsule robot has become a new development hotspot. Objective: The study aims to provide an overview of the active endoscope capsule robot and introduce its classification, characteristics and development. Method: This paper summarizes various scientific research achievements of the active endoscope capsule robot. The structural characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of various active endoscope capsule robots are introduced. Results: The active endoscope capsule robot has been analyzed and compared to other models. Its typical characteristics have been summarized. The main problems in its development are analyzed, its development trend is prospected, and the research status and future of active endoscope capsule robot are discussed. Conclusion: The active capsule robot is classified into two categories: bionic and non-bionic. The analysis shows that the capsule robot is an effective and safe initiative and has a very broad application prospect for various gastrointestinal tests compared to gastroscope, and helps alleviate the pain of patients.

Background: As a kind of bionic robot, the bionic water strider robot can achieve sliding, jumping and other movements on the water surface, with advantages of small size, light weight, flexible movements and other characteristics. It can detect the quality of water, investigate and search the water surface and perform some other operations. It has a very broad range of applications and development prospects. Therefore, the trend of biomimetic water strider robot is catching more and more attention. Objective: To provide an overview of the bionic water strider robot and introduce their classification, characteristics and development. Methods: This paper reviews various productions and patents related to the bionic water strider robot from 2003 to the present. The sources of the papers include: CNKI, Wanfang, Patent publication announcement in China, Web of Science, IEEE, Elsevier, Springer-Verlag, Espacenet, FPO IP Research amp; Communities. To obtain the results, endnote is used for documentation and citesapce was used for visual analysis. Results: The mechanical structure of existing bionic water strider robots is analyzed and compared. The typical characteristics are concluded. The main problems in its development are analyzed and the development trend is foreseen. The current and future research of the productions and patents on the bionic water strider robot are discussed. Conclusion: The optimization and development of the structure of the bionic water strider robot and the development of associated components help to improve the simulation of the water strider's motion and to perform better on task in a complex water surface environment. In the future, with the deepening and improvement of the research, the bionic water strider robot will develop towards miniaturization, intelligence and integration.