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In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption and high pollution in traditional alkali desizing process of cotton fabric, atmospheric pressure low temperature plasma was used to treat pure cotton fabric containing sizing. Through single factor variable experiment, the optimum desizing process was determined. The optimum process conditions were as follows: the optimum treatment power of plasma is 400 W, the optimum treatment time is 15 min, the distance between discharge electrode and grey cloth is 1 mm, the optimum alkali boiling concentration is 8 g/L. Compared to traditional desizing process, the usage of caustic soda was saved by 60%.