No abstract

Our previous study found that caveolin-1 (CAV-1) protein expression is upregulated during oleanolic acid (OA)-induced inhibition of proliferation and promotion of apoptosis in HL-60 cells. CAV-1 is the main structural protein component of caveolae, playing important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development. It has been shown that cav-1 expression is lower in leukemia cancer cell lines SUP-B15, HL-60, THP-1 and K562 and in chronic lymphocytic leukemia primary (CLP) cells when compared with normal white blood cells, with the lowest cav-1 expression level found in HL-60 cells. To study the effects of cav-1 in HL-60 cells and the effects of cav-1 overexpression on OA drug efficacy, cav-1 was overexpressed in HL-60 cells using lentiviral-mediated transfection combined with OA treatment. The results showed that cav-1 overexpression inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle in the G1 phase and inhibited activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Overexpression of CAV-1 also increased HL-60 cell sensitivity to OA. To further verify whether OA affects HL-60 cells via the activation of downstream signaling pathways by CAV-1, cav-1 gene expression was silenced using RNAi, and the cells were treated with OA to examine its efficacy. The results showed that after cav-1 silencing, OA had little effect on cell activity, apoptosis, the cell cycle and phosphorylation of HL-60 cells. This study is the first to show that CAV-1 plays a crucial role in the effects of OA on HL-60 cells.

The investigation of novel growth mechanisms for electrodes and the understanding of their in situ energy storage mechanisms remains major challenges in rechargeable lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, a novel mechanism for the growth of high‐purity diversified Li3VO4 nanostructures (including hollow nanospheres, uniform nanoflowers, dispersed hollow nanocubes, and ultrafine nanowires) has been developed via a microwave irradiation strategy. In situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction and in situ transmission electron microscope observations are applied to gain deep insight into the intermediate Li3+xVO4 and Li3+yVO4 phases during the lithiation/delithiation mechanism. The first‐principle calculations show that lithium ions migrate into the nanosphere wall rapidly along the (100) plane. Furthermore, the Li3VO4 hollow nanospheres deliver an outstanding reversible capacity (299.6 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles) and excellent cycling stability (a capacity retention of 99.0% after 500 cycles) at 200 mA g−1. The unique nanostructure offers a high specific surface area and short diffusion path, leading to fast thermal/kinetic reaction behavior, and preventing undesirable volume expansion during long‐term cycling.

In recent years, Li3VO4 has been considered as a promising anode for advanced lithium-ion batteries due to its special crystal structure and high theoretical capacity. However, the poor electronic conductivity...

Manganese molybdate (MnMoO4) has attracted widely attention as the electrode material of supercapacitors, owing to its excellent redox activity, high theoretical specific capacity, good structural stability, abundant reserves and low...