Depuis quelques années, les recherches sur les inégalités existant entre les individus par rapport à leur santé se focalisent sur l’influence exercée par les conditions sociales tout au long du cycle de vie. En somme, c’est l’aspect dynamique de la santé qui est de plus en plus privilégié. Cependant, la collecte d’un événement de santé au moyen de l’approche biographique a été rarement mise en oeuvre dans les recueils biographiques. La présente note vise à présenter le cheminement conceptuel et la démarche méthodologique que nous avons suivis pour définir un événement de santé et l’intégrer dans une enquête biographique mise en place en Belgique. La première partie de cette note présente succinctement les définitions allouées à l’état de santé d’un individu. La deuxième partie met en lumière les avantages et les limites de la collecte longitudinale et montre l’intérêt de l’approche biographique. La troisième partie, enfin, est consacrée à la présentation de l’approche innovatrice que nous avons mise en oeuvre, autour de l’idée des interruptions d’activités, pour collecter un événement de santé dans un dispositif biographique.Since a few years, researches on the individuals’ health disparities focus on the influence exercised by the social conditions throughout the life course. In fact, it is the health dynamic aspect which is more and more related. However, the collection of a health event using a biographical approach has been rarely operated in the biographical data collections. The present note aims to present the conceptual process and the methodological approach we followed, within the framework of the implementation of a life events history survey in Belgium, in order to define a health event and integrate it into a biographical data collection. The first part of this note presents briefly the health definitions assigned to the individuals’ health status. The second part focuses on the advantages and limits of the prospective longitudinal data collection and shows the interest of the biographical data collection approach. Finally, the third part is dedicated to the presentation of the innovative approach which we implemented, around the idea of the interruptions of activities, to collect a health event in a biographical process
The high mortality of children under-five is worrying. The World Summit for Children (1990) aimed to reduce by 1/3 its level from 1990 to 2000. Similarly, the Sustainable Development Goals for their part, aimed at a level of 25‰ at most by 2030. In Guinea, this mortality of children under-five remains high (108‰ in 2018). Previous studies have largely highlighted the main determinants of this mortality of children under-five, but their influence at different levels of analysis remains little known and documented. This study contributes to this by measuring the influence of individual, family and regional factors. The application of a multilevel logistic regression to data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (2018) shows that the individual factors (birth ranks, mother's level of education, ethnicity, age at childbirth), family factors (household standard of living) and regional factors (degree of ethnic heterogeneity, vaccination coverage and mothers' literacy) are significant in explaining this mortality.
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