In this work, we show how domain engineered lithium niobate can be used to selectively dope monolayer MoSe2 and WSe2 and demonstrate that these ferroelectric domains can significantly enhance or inhibit photoluminescence (PL) with the most dramatic modulation occurring at the heterojunction interface between two domains.A micro-PL and Raman system is used to obtain spatially resolved images of the differently doped transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The domain inverted lithium niobate causes changes in the TMDs due to electrostatic doping as a result of the remnant polarization from the substrate. Moreover, the differently doped TMDs (ntype MoSe2 and p-type WSe2) exhibit opposite PL modulation. Distinct oppositely charged domains were obtained with a 9-fold PL enhancement for the same single MoSe2 sheet when adhered to the positive (P + ) and negative (P -) domains. This sharp PL modulation on the ferroelectric domain results from different free electron or hole concentrations in the materials conduction band or valence band. Moreover, excitons dissociate rapidly at the interface between the P + and Pdomains due to the built-in electric field. We are able to adjust the charge on the P + and Pdomains using temperature via the pyroelectric effect and observe rapid PL quenching over a narrow temperature range illustrating the observed PL modulation is electronic in nature. This observation creates an opportunity to harness the direct bandgap TMD 2D materials as an active optical component for the lithium niobate platform using domain engineering of the lithium niobate substrate to create optically active heterostructures that could be used for photodetectors or even electrically driven optical sources on-chip.

We report the fabrication and the characterization of the refractometric and thermo-optical properties of a quasi-one-dimensional waveguide photonic crystal-a strong, 76-m-long Bragg grating. The transmission spectra (around 660 nm) of the structure have been measured as a function of both the cladding refractive index and the temperature. The transmission stopband was found to shift by 0.8-nm wavelength for either a cladding refractive index change of 0.05 or a temperature change of 120 K. The steep stopband edges provide a sensitive detection method for this band shift, by monitoring the transmitted output power.

We report on nanoscale pillar-based hypersonic phononic crystals in single crystal Z-cut lithium niobate. The phononic crystal is formed by a two-dimensional periodic array of nearly cylindrical nanopillars 240 nm in diameter and 225 nm in height, arranged in a triangular lattice with a 300-nm lattice constant. The nanopillars are fabricated by the recently introduced nanodomain engineering via laser irradiation of patterned chrome followed by wet etching. Numerical simulations and direct measurements using Brillouin light scattering confirm the simultaneous existence of nonradiative complete surface phononic band gaps. The band gaps are found below the sound line at hypersonic frequencies in the range 2-7 GHz, formed from local resonances and Bragg scattering. These hypersonic structures are realized directly in the piezoelectric material lithium niobate enabling phonon manipulation at significantly higher frequencies than previously possible with this platform, opening new opportunities for many applications in plasmonic, optomechanic, microfluidic, and thermal engineering.

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