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Objective: To assess the frequency of physeal injuries and wrist pain in young competitive gymnasts according to their training characteristics. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study (January-June 2015) of a male gymnastics team in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Nineteen gymnasts, mean age 13.3 years, were evaluated in three ways: a questionnaire, physical examination and radiographs. Results: On average, they trained since 6 years-old and during hours per week. Eighty-two percent had wrist pain and 65% had wrist physeal injury. The pain was worse in practitioners of (82%) and soil (17%) exercises. A greater frequency of physeal injury was found in those with more years of training and higher weekly working hours, wrist pain was more frequent in those with higher weekly working hours, and a decreased range of motion was observed in those with physeal injury, results statistically significant. Conclusions: We found that 65% of gymnasts had wrist physeal injury and 82% had wrist pain. There were statistically significant relationships between physeal injury and years of training, physeal injury and weekly working hours, pain and weekly working hours, and physeal injury and range of motion. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Introduction Distal radius fractures are common in emergency centers. The radiographic routine includes at least two radiographic projections used for diagnosing most of these fractures. Computed tomography (CT) is indicated for evaluating complex fractures that affect the articular surface, as well as the fragments' size and position. There are not enough comparative studies on choosing classification and treatment by means of the four radiographic projections and computed tomography (CT) and the association of these with the levels of expertise. Methods We conducted a randomized cross-sectional study by observing images from 61 patients with distal radius fractures organized in two phases: the first phase comprising radiographic images alone and the second one with those same images associated with tomograms. Seventeen evaluators with different levels of training and expertise classified the fractures according to the AO and Universal classification systems and proposed treatment guidelines. Results The agreement between the AO and Universal classification ratings was poor (worse for the former), with smaller Fleiss' kappa resulting from data obtained by orthopedics residents and non-specialist orthopedists. CT influenced the classification choice, with a higher change frequency for more complex patterns in the AO classification system and intraarticular and irreducible fractures in the Universal classification system, especially in the group comprised of orthopedic residents and orthopedic physicians. CT did not influence the treatment choice made by the group comprised of hand surgery residents and hand surgeons. Conclusion The less experienced in hand surgery the observer was, the more important computed tomography was for determining the fracture pattern.

Objective: the aim of this study is try to show the best view for distal radius fractures so called die-punch fractures. Methods: There has been used a human cadaver radius bone from the Salvador Arena Tissue Bank. This bone was cleaned up after removing the soft tissues and osteotomies created displaced lunate fossa fractures of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 5 mm. We have fixed this fragment with adhesive tape. Then the joint deviation were significantly increased with step-offs of 1 mm. Radiographs were then taken into 5 different positions: postero-anterior view, lateral view, oblique views and tangencial view for each of the deviations. The resulting lunate fossa depression in each X-ray film was analyzed by the AutoCAD 2010® software. Results: The tangencial view was the best one to see the 1mm and 3mm bone degrees and the second one view to see the 2mm and 5 mm degrees. The pronated oblique view was the best to see the 2mm degrees and the oblique supinated view wasn't able to see the degrees between 1 and 2mm.Conclusion: The tangencial view was the best one to see the 1mm and 3mm bone degrees and the second one view to see the 2mm and 5 mm degrees.

ResumoAs técnicas de fusão parcial do punho assistidas por artroscopia estão se tornando mais populares. Ficou claro que evitar a violação de importantes estruturas ligamentares e tendíneas, o que é imposssível com as técnicas abertas clássicas, permite uma abordagem mais biológica, essencial para a cicatrização mais rápida e melhora da função. Descrevemos o uso do portal piramidal-hamato (PH), raramente aplicado em técnicas artroscópicas de rotina para cirurgia de mão e punho, como portal acessório para melhor execução do desbridamento carpal medial anterior na fusão de quatro cantos. Esse truque possibilita a ressecção anterior quase completa das superfícies condrais do capitato e do hamato, o que aumenta o contato ósseo subcondral na articulação mesocárpica após a fixação e eleva as taxas de consolidação.