BackgroundThe change in size and weight of the female reproductive organs during gestation and birth might be affect the perineal muscles and this condition in dairy cow not been reported. This study aimed to assess the ultrasonographic image of coccygeus muscle in 11 inseminated dairy cows with different gestational ages and postpartum.MethodsGestational age was calculated based on the record of artificial insemination and confirmed by using transrectal brightness mode ultrasonography. Perineal hair between the sacrum and ischium bones was shaved along 3–5 cm before being ultrasound. The images of perineal area were obtained by transcutaneous ultrasound using a 5.0 MHz transducer. The thickness and intensity of the coccygeus muscle were measured and analyzed by gestational status and postpartum to show the differences.ResultsThe results showed that the thickness of coccygeus muscle increased with the increase in gestational age. Muscle intensity only increased at young gestational age. However, it decreased with the increase in gestational age (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe ultrasound image of coccygeus muscle was affected by gestational status, thus this method may be used as one of the new methods of indirect gestational detection on dairy cows.

This study aims to delineate the tissue structure of male cat external reproductive organs using ultrasound with different types of consoles and transducers frequencies through indirect method. External organ of 5 tom weighing 2-3 kg was evaluated using ultrasound with stationary console (linear transducer, 10 MHz) and portable console (linear transducer, 6.5 MHz), transcutaneously. The results showed that both console and transducer could not visualize the structure of organs sized less than 10 mm through direct method. However, the indirect method using stationary console with a 10 MHz transducer enable to visualize the organ and depicts clearly the internal organ structure such as penis and its parts, scrotum and its constituent layers, caput and cauda of epididymis, and testicles. Furthermore, portable console with 6.5 MHz transducer was still able to provide an adequate image of those organs. In general, fibrous tissues such as tunica vaginalis, tunica Dartos, funiculusspermaticus, and urethra were visible in ultrasonogram as hyperechoic structures, while soft tissues such as the parts of testicles and penis were visible as hypoechoic structures. Tissue containing fluid such as urethral lumen was visible as anechoic structure. In conclusion, indirect ultrasound imaging method was sufficient to visualize the organs sized less than 10 mm using 3-15 MHz transducer in which was currently widely used in animal health care clinics.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas metode deteksi kebuntingan dini menggunakan ultrasonography (USG) dan pemeriksaan steroid (progesteron dan estrogen) pada sapi. Sebanyak sepuluh ekor sapi diperiksa di peternakan sapi perah Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Cibungbulang, Bogor. Lima ekor dideteksi bunting dini dan lima ekor tidak bunting. Pengambilan plasma darah dilakukan empat hari sekali dimulai dari 40 hari sebelum pelaksaan IB sampai 30 hari untuk sapi tidak bunting hingga hari ke-60 bila sapi bunting. Pemeriksaan dengan USG dilakukan menggunakan probe 5 MHz dimulai sejak hari ke-9 pasca IB bersamaan dengan pengambilan sampel darah. Hasil USG menunjukkan keberadaan konseptual vesikel pada hari ke-15 setelah IB dengan diameter 0,44 cm. Embrio dapat dideteksi mulai hari ke-26 dengan ukuran 2,6 cm. Konsentrasi progesteron pada saat IB (baseline) adalah 6-8 ng/ml dan meningkat menjadi 30-50 ng/ml pada hari ke-15 pasca IB. Konsentrasi progesteron terus bertahan tinggi sejak hari ke-15 sampai hari ke-60 pasca IB. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan USG dapat mendeteksi kebuntingan lebih dini dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan hormonal.