The paper deals with generalized Rastall theory of gravity and its cosmological consequences in the background of homogeneous and isotropic flat FLRW model with perfect fluid as the matter context. The model shows a non singular era (emergent scenario) at the early phase of expansion for a particular choice of the Rastall parameter. Also the model finds to be equivalent to the particle creation mechanism in Einstein gravity in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Universal thermodynamics is briefly presented and it is found that the entropy function in Rastall theory is the usual Bekenstein entropy and there is no correction to it. Finally, a complete cosmic history starting from inflation to late time acceleration is presented for suitable choices of the Rastall parameter.

The present work deals with evolution of the fractal model of the Universe in the background of homogeneous and isotropic FLRW space-time geometry. The cosmic substrum is taken as perfect fluid with barotropic equation of state. A general prescription for the deceleration parameter is determined and it is examined whether the deceleration parameter may have more than one transition during the evolution of the fractal Universe for monomial form of the fractal function as a function of the scale factor. Finally, the model has been examined by making comparison with the observed data.

The paper deals with f (R) gravity theory in the background of inhomogeneous FLRW-type space time model. With proper choice of the inhomogeneous metric function it is possible to have an emergent scenario for the f (R)-cosmology. Explicit form of f (R) is obtained for power law expansion. It has been shown that the present f (R) gravity model is equivalent to some particle creation mechanism in Einstein gravity. Further a complete cosmic evolution from inflation to present late time acceleration is possible with proper continuous choices of the f (R)-functions. Finally, in the perspective of thermodynamical analysis a form of f (R) has been evaluated using the unified first law.

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc across the globe. Although there are several controversies regarding its origin, the worldwide scientific fraternity currently indulges in developing various therapeutic strategies to combat this threat. Consequently, we aimed to provide a comprehensive evaluation of this pandemic's global transmission landscape to get an insight into its imminent fate on global populations. For this, we have analyzed the data on daily reported COVID-19 cases for 294 days since inception, i.e., from

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