This paper aims to investigate the determinants of knowledge management (KM) adoption on organizational and individual level, as well as its impact on non-financial performance through an intermediary of organizational learning (“OL”). The KM adoption model was constructed by using a combination of TOE (Technology, Organizational and Environment) for the organizational level and TPE (Technology, Personal, and Environmental) framework for the individual level; this we called the TOPE (Technology, Personal, Organizational, and Environment) framework. Questionnaires were sent to 60 Indonesian big companies which participated in the Most Admired Knowledge Enterprise (MAKE) Award. Data from 139 respondents (51 companies) was analysed using partial least squares (PLS). This study showed the most essential factors influencing KM adoption and practice are perceived usefulness, ease of use of KM technology, industrial factors, management support, organization culture, and IT infrastructure. Meanwhile, the factors that are loosely connected to adoption initiative and KM practice are mimetic pressure, strategic planning, and organizational structure. In addition, the result of this study inferred that KM adoption and implementation fairly impact on the improvement of non-financial performance by the intermediary of organizational learning capability improvement.
AbstrakDaya saing suatu organisasi tidak hanya berdasarkan pada aset berwujud (tangible asset) berupa aktiva lancar dan aktiva tetap, tetapi juga berdasarkan pada aset tidak berwujud (intangible asset) berupa pengetahuan (knowledge). Berbagi pengetahuan (knowledge sharing) merupakan suatu kebutuhan bagi perusahaan untuk mempertahankan entitas bisnis dan meningkatkan daya saing. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara acak terhadap 60 orang karyawan divisi TI dari tiga perusahaan, yaitu PT. Astra Internasional, tbk., PT. Nokia Siemens Network, dan PT. Ericsson Indonesia, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi aktivitas berbagi pengetahuan (knowledge sharing) pada divisi TI. Terdapat empat variabel yang digunakan pada model penelitian ini, yaitu faktor individu, organisasi, teknologi dan knowledge resource. Pengolahan data penelitian menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda. Dari hasil analisa, faktor-faktor yang secara signifikan berpengaruh pada Knowledge Sharing pada Divisi TI secara berturut-turut adalah faktor organisasi, faktor knowledge resource, faktor individu, dan faktor teknologi; faktor teknologi tidak terlalu berpengaruh pada aktivitas Knowledge Sharing di Divisi TI (0,188); dan terdapat beberapa hambatan dalam knowledge sharing pada divisi TI.
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