The improving social welfare and food availability has created a shift of consumption pattern that leads to high-fat foods and low-complex carbohydrate, especially the fibrous foods. As we know,carbohydrate has been considered as the safe component of foods, therefore, it is recommended to be consumed more. Recently, more experts have started to think about the role of carbohydrate and the emergence of atherosclerosis. The Purpose of the research was to know the risk of high carbohydrate diet application compared to high fat blood triglyceride diet content and high Density Lipoprotein. Complete random design and Post Test Only Control Group was used in this research. Statistic test one way Anova was used to know the difference resulted from diet aplication, and the situation of the difference continued by Tukey Test. The Value of Triglyceride is measured by using Calorimetric Enzymatic test -Glycerol 3 Phosphate -oxidase methods and the value of HDL is measured by using Cholesterol Hydrolise -oxidase methods. The result showed that the highest value of triglyceride were on the high fat diet group ( 169 mg/dl), followed by high carbohydrate diet ( 130,2 mg/dl) and the lowest was normal diet (81,2 mg/dl). The lowest value of HDL were on the normal diet group (32,7 mg/dl), followed by high fat diet (34,2 mg/dl) and the highest was high carbohydrate diet (38,4 mg/dl). The result of the statistical test over the value of Triglyceride showed a significant difference (P=0,011) .For HDL level, it showed insignificant difference on each treatment (P=0.111). Based on the result, the high carbohydrate diet increases the value of triglyceride, so the suggestion is to pay attention to carbohydrate percentage which we consume in food .Key words: high-carbohydrate diet, high-fat diet, Triglyceride, HDL, Rattus novergicus strain wistar PENDAHULUANMeningkatnya kesejahteraan penduduk dan ketersediaan pangan mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan pola konsumsi yang mengarah ke jenis-jenis makanan yang kaya lemak tetapi rendah karbohidrat komplek, khususnya serat pangan (1).Menurut Sastroamidjojo (2000), perubahan pola hidup meliputi pola makan. Aktifitas dan kebiasan hidup seperti merokok dan stress merupakan faktor resiko untuk terjadinya penyakit pembuluh darah (2). Aterosklerosis, sebagai gangguan pada pembuluh darah koroner merupakan akibat penimbunan plaque lipida dalam dinding arteri. Beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan resiko terjadinya Aterosklerosis adalah adanya peningkatan kadar lipid darah seperti peningkatan kadar LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) darah, Kolesterol total dan Trigliserida darah serta penurunan HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) darah.Peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) darah dapat disebabkan oleh peningkatan konsumsi lemak jenuh dan kolesterol yang tinggi dalam makanan. Sedangkan peningkatan trigliserida darah atau hipertrigliserida dipengaruhi oleh faktor gen dan konsumsi makanan seperti Karbohidrat, lemak, dan alkohol. Karena itu untuk menurunkan kadar trigliserida da...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex syndrome with clustering of interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Its rising worldwide prevalence has been largely related to the increasing obesity. In The Gambia, the last and only time a MetS related study was conducted, and then reported, was 21 years. Therefore, there is need for evaluating the prevalence of MetS and its components in the country. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and its individual components in Kanifing Municipality (KM). Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at Kanifing General Hospital, Kanifing Municipality. Data obtained from each participants included anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein levels, and clinical information. Results: One hundred and thirty-six participants were included in the analysis. The overall MetS prevalence was 54.4% with significant female predominance (female, 58%; male, 29.4%; P =0.025). The most predominant component among the study population was central obesity (raised WC) (72.8%). Hypertriglyceridemia was found to be the strongest predictor of MetS among our participants (OR: 118.13; 95% CI: 33.79-412.77; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study discloses a very high prevalence of MetS among the participants, and a significant female predominance, with central obesity the commonest Mets component. The results suggest that hypertriglyceridemia is the strongest predictor of metabolic syndrome in our study participants.

Background: Polymorphism in CDH13 gene, which encodes for the adiponectin receptor, T-cadherin, is a genetic risk factor associated with metabolic syndrome. CDH13 rs3865188, which is found in the promoter region of the CDH13 gene, has been found to be associated with metabolic syndrome and its traits in Asian and European Caucasian populations. However, to the best of our knowledge, it was yet to be assessed in a Black African population. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of CHD13 rs3865188 and metabolic syndrome in a Gambian population. Methods: It was a genetic association study in a cross-sectional design in 136 Gambian participants. CDH13 rs3865188 was genotyped using PCR master mix and sequencing. Blood sugar, triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein levels were determined by standard clinical laboratory methods. Results: CDH13 rs3865188 was found to be significantly associated metabolic syndrome (p=0.034). Genotype AT appeared to be risk factor for metabolic syndrome (OR=2.41, 95% CI, 1.20–4.84, p=0.014). We found genotypes CC and CA in CHD13 rs3865188 for the first time. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated significant association between CDH13 rs385618 and metabolic syndrome in a Gambian population (Black African population for the first time). Individuals with genotype AT are at higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome.