IntroductionThe heart like any other muscle requires oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to function. The coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle spread across the surface of the heart, beginning at the base of the aorta and branching out to all areas of the heart muscle.1 Coronary artery disease is a term applied to obstructed blood flow through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle. The primary cause of coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis. If blood flow reduction resulting from coronary artery disease is severe and prolonged, acute myocardial infarction can occur, causing irreversible damage.2 Quality nursing care is the degree of health outcomes by delivery of efficient, effective and beneficial health services to people. Nurses are one of the largest groups of health-care professionals and are morally responsible for taking proper care of their patients.3 Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a "heart attack", results in the death of the heart muscle. Acute myocardial infarction occurs from a partial or complete blockage of a coronary artery, which decreases the blood supply to the cells of the heart supplied by the blocked coronary artery. The extent of Background and objective: Acute myocardial infarction is the death of myocardial tissue as a result of prolonged lack of blood and oxygen. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of nursing care for patients with acute myocardial infarction in the coronary units in Erbil city hospitals. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on a non probability, purposive sample of 70 nurses selected from coronary care units of four hospitals (Hawler Teaching Hospital, Rizgari Teaching Hospital, Cardiac Centre and Rojhalat Emergency Hospital) in Erbil City. A questionnaire containing two parts was used for data collection. Part I of the questionnaire included demographic characteristics and part II contained three observational checklists: immediate nursing care for patients with acute myocardial infarction, nursing care for patients during coronary care units and teaching the patient and family before discharge. The number of items of the assessment sheet was 78. Results: The mean age of the participants was 30 years. Majority of the samples were male, graduated from nursing institute, having 1-8 years of nursing experience, having 1-5 years experience in coronary care units and have not participated in previous trainings. The highest percentage (75.7%) of nurses provided fair levels of quality of nursing care. Age group 22-28 years, male gender, nursing experience from1-8 years and nursing experience in coronary care unit from 1-5 years were significantly associated with provision of high quality of nursing care. Highly significant factors associated with provision of high quality of nursing care included the higher levels of education, and participation in training regarding nursing care in coronary care unit. Conclusion: Concerning the levels of quality of nursing care, the study shows that the majority of nurses provi...

‫الخالصة:‬ ‫الهذف:‬ ‫حھذ‬ ‫ف‬ ‫في‬ ‫الشيبضيت‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫وهوبسست‬ ‫الغزائي‬ ‫ببلٌظبم‬ ‫يخعلق‬ ‫هب‬ ‫في‬ ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫وهشضي‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫األفشاد‬ ‫هعبسف‬ ‫قيبس‬ ‫الي‬ ‫الذساست‬ ‫هقبسًت.‬ ‫دساست‬ ‫اسبيل:‬ ‫هذيٌت‬ ‫المىهجية:‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫وهوبسست‬ ‫الغزائي‬ ‫ببلٌظبم‬ ‫هعبسفھن‬ ‫بشبى‬ ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫بوشض‬ ‫الوصببيي‬ ‫والوشضي‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫االفشاد‬ ‫بيي‬ ‫هقبسًت‬ ‫دساست‬ ‫هي‬ ‫هكوى‬ ‫اسخبيبى‬ ‫اسخخذم‬ ‫أسبيل.‬ ‫هذيٌت‬ ‫في‬ ‫الشيبضيت‬ 051 ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫بوشض‬ ‫هصببيي‬ ‫والوشضي‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫األفشاد‬ ‫جويع‬ ‫علي‬ ‫وصعج‬ ‫هفشدة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لكلي‬ ‫هٌفصل‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫لوجووعخيي.‬ 63 ‫ه‬ ‫و‬ ‫األولي‬ ‫هجووعت‬ ‫ي‬ 63 ‫هجووعت‬ ‫هي‬ ‫ثبًيت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫جب‬ ‫بوا‬ ‫األسئلت.‬ ‫علي‬ ‫الىتائج:‬ ‫ًخبئج‬ ‫أشبسث‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ذساست‬ ‫الحبليت‬ ‫األكثش‬ ‫الٌسبت‬ ‫بأى‬ ‫ع‬ ‫هي‬ ‫يٌت‬ ‫الذساست‬ 01 ( 5..5 ‫ال‬ ‫هي‬ )% ‫ل‬ ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫بوشض‬ ‫وصببيي‬ ‫ذيھن‬ ‫هخوسط‬ ‫الغزائي.‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫هسخوى‬ ‫في‬ ‫الوقببل،‬ .3 ( 2... % ‫ضعيف‬ ‫لذيھن‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫أفشاد‬ ‫هي‬ ) ‫الغزائي.‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫هسخوى‬ .. ( 30.0 ‫بو‬ ‫الوصببيي‬ ‫هي‬ )% ‫هخوسط‬ ‫لذيھن‬ ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫شض‬ ‫الشيبضيت.‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫هسخوى‬ ‫في‬ ‫الوقببل،‬ .0 ( 55.6 ‫أفشاد‬ ‫هي‬ )% ‫الغزائي.‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫الوسخوى‬ ‫هخوسط‬ ‫لذيھن‬ ‫األصحبء‬ .3 ( 2... % ) ‫هخوسط‬ ‫لذيھن‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫أفشاد‬ ‫هي‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫هسخوى‬ ‫الغز‬ ‫الشيبضيت‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ائي‬ ‫هقبسًت‬ ‫الشيبضيت‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫و‬ ‫الغزائي‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫عي‬ ‫الوعلوهبث‬ ‫الوسخوى‬ ‫هخوسط‬ ‫لذيھن‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫أفشاد‬ ‫هع‬ 05 ( 51 .)% ‫االستىتاج‬ : ‫رلك‬ ‫علي‬ ‫وعالوة‬ ، ‫اسخٌخجج‬ ‫والخوبسيي‬ ‫الغزائي‬ ‫الٌظبم‬ ‫في‬ ‫الخبجي‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫هشض‬ ‫الوصببيي‬ ‫لوشضي‬ ‫عبهت‬ ‫هعشفت‬ ‫أهن‬ ‫أى‬ ‫إلي‬ ‫الذساست‬ ‫هزٍ‬ ‫الوخوسطت‬ ‫الفئت‬ ‫في‬ ‫الشيبضيت‬ .3 ( 2... ،)% ‫أى‬ ‫حيي‬ ‫في‬ 05 ( 51 )% ‫هي‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫الوخوسطت.‬ ‫الفئت‬ ‫في‬ ‫األصحبء‬ ‫األشخبص‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مفتاحية‬ : ‫ال‬ ‫األصحبء،‬ ‫األفشاد‬ ‫الخبجي،‬ ‫الششيبى‬ ‫هشض‬ ‫الشيبضيت.‬ ‫الخوبسيي‬ ‫الغزائي،‬ ‫ٌظبم‬ ABSTRACT: Aims of study:The study aims to assess the information needed of patients with coronary artery disease and healthy individuals in terms of diet and exercise method in Erbil city. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional design used to compare and assess knowledge of coronary artery disease patients to a healthy individual on diet and exercise pattern. Seventy-two participants answered questionnaires and took part in the present study; 36 coronary artery disease patients and 36 healthy individuals. The patients received advice from their doctors at their admission. Results: The current survey illustrates that the highest percentage 19 (52.8%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair level of knowledge on diet. In contrast, 26 (72.2%) of healthy individuals had poor knowledge on diet. 22 (61.1%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair knowledge on exercise and 21 (58.3%) of healthy persons had fair knowledge on exercise. 26 (72.2%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair knowledge on both diet and exercise compared with a healthy individual who had fair knowledge on diet and exercise 18 (50%) without any in...

Hypertension   and   diabetes   mellitus   (DM)   are the      two       major      inter-correlated      risk       factors      of cardiovascular   diseases,    which    considered    as    the    major causes  of  morbidity  and  mortality.  This  study  is  set  up  to determine   control   rate,   and   the   social   demographic   and health   related   behaviours   risk   factors   in   association   with control   rate   in   hypertensive   and/or   diabetes   patients   who are  under  treatment.  Cross  sectional  study  was  carried  out in  this  study.  Data  have  been  collected  by  well-trained paramedics through direct interviews using structured questionnaire     with     the     participants.     A     conventional sampling  which  is  one  of  the  main  types  of  non-probability method  was  used  for  collecting  data.  SPSS  version  16  was used   for   analysing   data.   338   patients   were   recruited   into the   study,   150(44.1%)   of   participants   with   hypertension,88(25.9%) with diabetes and the rest 100(29.4%) with both diseases.   Patients   who   diagnosed   with   hypertension   weremore  under  control  83  (55.3%)  in  comparison  with  diabetic23(26.1%)   and   patients   who   were   diagnosed   both conditions 18(18.0%). High control rate was observed in hypertension  patients  compared  to  diabetes  and  those diagnosed   both   conditions.   Cor   morbidity   was   the   main cause of uncontrolled rate.

Aims of study: The study aims to assess the information needed of patients with coronary artery disease and healthy individuals in terms of diet and exercise method in Erbil city.       Methods: A descriptive cross sectional design used to compare and assess knowledge of coronary artery disease patients to a healthy individual on diet and exercise pattern. Seventy-two participants answered questionnaires and took part in the present study; 36 coronary artery disease patients and 36 healthy individuals. The patients received advice from their doctors at their admission.Results: The current survey illustrates that the highest percentage 19 (52.8%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair level of knowledge on diet. In contrast, 26 (72.2%) of healthy individuals had poor knowledge on diet. 22 (61.1%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair knowledge on exercise and 21 (58.3%) of healthy persons had fair knowledge on exercise. 26 (72.2%) of coronary artery disease patients had fair knowledge on both diet and exercise compared with a healthy individual who had fair knowledge on diet and exercise 18 (50%) without any instruction program. Conclusion: As revealed in this study, a larger number of the patients with coronary artery disease had overall fair knowledge regarding diet and exercise than the healthy individuals, and this significant difference can be attributed to the fact that coronary artery disease patients are more careful about and pay more attention to their health and diet. Recommendations: Education program needs to be introduced for coronary artery disease patients by the nurse in teaching hospitals on diet and performing structured, planned and repetitive exercise. Furthermore, healthy persons should be encouraged to participate in performing regular exercise pattern and importance of diet in preventing coronary artery disease.Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease, Healthy person, Diet, Exercise.

Introduction: Needle-stick and sharp injuries (NSSI) pose a serious problem and a major risk of work-related transmitted diseases among healthcare workers. The extent of NSI in the Kurdistan region / Iraq hospitals has been unknown. The factors related to NSIs among healthcare workers were evaluated in the present study. The main purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of NSI and its associated factors among the respondents. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 randomly selected healthcare staff with a working experience of at least 1 year in the hospital. The study location is a surgical specialist hospital-cardiac center, situated in Erbil/Iraq. The self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic, employment and individual characteristics, as well as data on NSSI, suffered in the past 12 months. Results: The majority of participants (34%) were in the 30 to 35year age group. Most were male (60.7%), married (61.3%), have at least degree qualification (89%). The prevalence of NSSI was 67%. Needle stick was the main frequent of NSSRs (66%). Needle recap was all the time done among health workers 104 (69%), they almost use both hands for recap 136 (91%). Education, working environment satisfaction, sleeping quality of the health staff have been considered the main indicators of NSSI. Conclusion: The rate of NSSI was considered high in this study compared to the rates in many developing countries. Arrangement schedules for work and sleeping of staff could decrease the NSSI rate.