Aim of study. To evaluate the effectiveness of closed manual detorsion in case of testicular torsion in children of different age groups. Materials and methods. Manual detorsion was carried out according to the classical technique (Yudin Ya.B. et al., 1987) by 79 patients with a testicular torsion at the age from the neonatal period to 18 years. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of detorsion depending on various factors (the age of the patient, the duration of ischemia, the presence of a secondary hydrocele) was performed. Results. The effectiveness of the detorsion depended on the duration of the ischemia period before manipulation in patients of all ages. The effectiveness of the detorsion is more pronounced in adolescents, which is due to the more advanced structures of the spermatic cord and the larger testicle mass. A hydrocele of a secondary nature is a factor complicating detorsion, but its puncture emptying increases the efficiency of manipulation. Conclusions. The effectiveness of manual detorsion is directly proportional to the age of the patient and inversely proportional to the duration of ischemia before the manipulation is performed. The frequency of residual torsion does not allow us to consider the method as independent in the treatment of testicular torsion, and ultrasound and ultrasound dopplerography are completely reliable evaluation criteria. The effectiveness of the method allows you to recommend it in the first day of the disease in patients of all age groups, except for newborns, but emergency surgery should be performed as soon as possible after the detorsion. Carrying out a discharge puncture in patients with a secondary hydrocele against a background of testicular vesicle significantly improves the effectiveness of manual detorsion. (For citation: Shormanov IS, Shchedrov DN. Closed manual detorsion in case of a testicular torsion in children. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2018;8(1):34-39. doi: 10.17816/uroved8134-39).
УРоЛоГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЕДомоСТИ ВВЕДЕНИЕЗаворот яичка -наиболее грозное по своим исходам среди всех острых заболеваний органов мошонки, занимает по частоте третье место, со-ставляя от 10,2 до 17 % [1, 2,3]. Актуальность его обусловлена как высокой частотой среди детей вообще и в структуре «синдрома острой мошонки» в детском возрасте в частности, так и значительной частотой неблагоприятных ис-ходов. Известно, что от 11 % [4] до 60-70 % [5] случаев заворота яичка приводят к потере гона-ды. Частота атрофии и как следствие функцио-нальной недостаточности органа после деторсии так же значительна и составляет до 20-50 % [3]. Данное положение с течением времени не имеет тенденции к улучшению [2, 6].В случае подтвержденного заворота яичка или невозможности его исключения имеющимися диа-гностическими методами операция должна быть проведена так быстро, как только возможно. Глав-ной ее целью является ликвидация торсии и воз-обновление перфузии в ишемизированной гонаде. Эти положения общеприняты и не дискутируют-ся. Последние годы в лечении заворота яичка по-является значительное количество новых тенден-ций -фиксирующие операции, направленные на профилактику рецидива торсии страдающей и контралатеральной гонады; изучение иммунного статуса гонады и его влияние на репродуктивную функцию; протезирование яичка с целью получения приемлемого эстетического результата орхэктомии [7, 8, 9, 10]. Тем не менее несмотря на развитие тех-нологий и применение современных методик, неко-торые вопросы хирургической тактики оставляют место для обсуждения. Среди них -показания к выполнению экстренной орхэктомии при первич-ной операции.Доказано, что успешность лечения заворота яичка определяется двумя основными фактора-ми -степенью торсии и сроками начала лече-ния [6]. Доказано на значительном клиническом материале [11], что яичко сохраняет жизнеспособ-ность в 90 % случаев при длительности заболева-ния до 6 часов. При длительности ишемии более 12 часов шансы на сохранение яичка не превыша-ют 50 %, а при сроке заболевания сутки вероятность сохранения не более 10 %. Наиболее трудным яв-ляется тактический выбор в этих промежуточных сроках.С целью объективизации состояния гонады используют ультразвуковые и доплерографиче-ские показатели -оценка структуры гонады, ин-декс резистентности, скорости кровотока [12, 13, 14, 15], однако данные работы в большей мере относятся к оценке отдаленных прогнозов. Су-ществуют попытки использования в оценке жиз-неспособности гонады параметров оксигенации [16], однако данные работы носят эксперимен-тальный характер.До настоящего времени нет общепринятого объективного критерия, который позволял бы вы-нести решение о сохранении, либо удалении гона-ды в момент первичного хирургического вмеша-тельства.Стремление сохранить гонаду во что бы то ни стало зачастую приводит к гиподиагностике некроза органа, повторным хирургическим вмеша-тельствам, в ряде случаев формированию у пациен- мАТЕРИАЛы И мЕТоДыЗа период 2002-2014 гг. мы наблюдали в уро-логической клинике Областной детской клиниче-ской больницы 140 пациентов в возрасте с пе...
Congenital diverticulum of the distal urethra is extremely rare in urological practice, there are isolated descriptions of it in the literature, as a result every clinical observation is of interest. The aim of this study is demonstration of a rare clinical observation congenital diverticula of the distal urethra without infravesical obstruction (meatostenosis) in a teenager. The article describes a clinical case of treatment of congenital diverticula of the anterior urethra without signs of infravesical obstruction in a 13-year-old teenager. A case of surgical treatment of congenital urethral diverticulum without infravesical obstruction in a 13-year-old teenager is presented. Diverticulectomy with suture of the urethra was performed with good anatomical and functional results. A distal urethral diverticulum of a congenital nature is extremely rarely noted as an isolated condition without an anterior urethral valve or another variant of infravesical obstruction. The method of choice is to perform diverticulectomy with suturing of the urethra.
Amyands hernia, an inguinal hernia that contains the appendix within the hernia sac, is a rare condition in surgical, and even more so in urological practice. It is difficult to diagnose due to its low frequency, anatomical atypicality and urgency. There are no review publications on this issue, and those that are available are mainly descriptions of individual cases. In this article an attempt was made to highlight the largest possible number of clinical observations that reflect the urological aspects of the problem and present them in a systematic manner. Aim to analyze the available publications covering the urological aspects of Amyands hernia. The literature review was carried out on the basis of publications covering the urological aspects of Amyands hernia in adults and children, published in PubMed databases and Scientific Electronic Library eLibrary.ru. The search was carried out by the following keywords: Amyands hernia, acute scrotum, inflammatory diseases of the scrotum, Fourniers phlegmon, scrotal fistula (in Russian and English). Taking into account the rarity of the analyzed problem, the analysis includes publications for the last 15 years. 189 publications related to the topic of the review were identified. 38 publications of the greatest scientific and practical interest were selected directly for citation in the review. The maximum number of available publications reflecting the urological aspects of Amyands hernia has been analyzed, and an attempt has been made to systematize them clinically. The variety of clinical manifestations caused by Amyands hernia is commonly referred to in the English literature as Amyands hernia syndrome. We have identified the following variants of the clinical course: scrotal fistula a casuistic variant described in detail only by C. Amyand; picture of the acute scrotum syndrome the most frequent variant of the clinical course of Amyands hernia with scrotal manifestations is noted mainly in childhood, however, it can also occur in adults in all age groups; phlegmon of the scrotum, phlegmon of Fournier an extremely rare variant of the clinical course with scrotal manifestations, publications on this subject are rare. Amyands hernia being a rare surgical problem in both children and adults, has a number of urological masks, causing diagnostic difficulties and is of some interest to the urologists.
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