In this paper an experimental and numerical analysis has been conducted to study the effect of heat transfer and filed flow of two-phase flow (water and air) through a rectangular ribbed channel. The study has involved the several values of heat flux (120,140,160 Watts), air and water superficial velocity (1.096, 1.425, 1.644, 1.864, and 2.193 m/s) and (0.0421, 0.0842, and 0.1474 m/s), respectively. The distribution of temperature along the channel was photographed using thermal camera and compared with numerical results . The experimental test system was fabricated of vertical rectangular channel with cross section of (0.08m × 0.03m) and a length (0.7 m) to analyze the behavior of the mixture (water-air) over the heated plate (semi-circle ribs ). The computational fluid dynamics CFD software was utilized to simulate the governing equations with initial and boundary conditions. Results found that the ribbed channel give the high heat transfer rate compared to the smooth channel. The percentage deviation between the experimental and numerical data is (1.0% -6.0% ). The results proved that the flow is growing to become turbulent, eddies develop about the heated plate (rib), the temperature at the outlet decreases and heat transfer coefficient improved by adding ribs, it also improved when the velocities of the flow increased.

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The Hoseiba Member, an Early Silurian basal mature hot shale of the Akkas Formation (Silurian) consists of about 80% of the Paleozoic hydrocarbon potential system, it is organic-rich with total organic carbon up to 16% as the main source for the Paleozoic gas resources in Iraq. The hot shale is the main source of rocks that are penetrated in deep wells in the western Iraqi desert such as Akkas-1, Qaim-1, and Khleisia -1, which are distributed due to paleo uplift in the restricted regional basin in the west, south, and northwest Iraqi desert and wedged to north thrust zone in Ora area of extreme northern Iraq, Ora subbasin to Aljezira NW and in the west where the approved source rocks of ‘Hot shale” Akkas -Widyian subbasin (Rephrase). The Hoseiba Member, basal hot shale in the Akkas Formation in Iraq and their correlative units are extended within neighboring countries Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Oman, and south Turkey. Qualitative and quantity of Hot Shales source rocks Silurian are Excellent in Akkas well -1 (0.95-16.62%) TOC in Akk-1 Akkas sub-basin west Iraq and an average thickness (30 m.) with 1-9.94% TOC in Kh-1 Al-Jezira sub-basin NW Iraq. The hot shale distribution was controlled by the Caledonian uplift that created paleo-high in northern Iraq and moderately deep to the northwest, and deep depression deposition in west and south desert Iraq. The hot shale expulsion and migration of hydrocarbon are controlled by the underlying main reservoir of the Khabour Formation K1 sandstone ember by block faulting