Background &objectives: Exercise and physical activity are very important for physical fitness. Exercise could be particularly important for students as the old proverb stated that "Normal brain exists in normal body". This study was conducted to evaluate effect of body mass index (BMI) on adherence to exercise in females. Subjects &Methods: Assessment of BMI was done for 3 groups of participants, after taking their informed consent then a questionnaire was self-administered to all participants. Questions were to inquire about demographic, social and behavioral factors that could affect exercise adherence. Other questions were to demonstrate the extent of adherence to exercise. Data were collected then analyzed using graph pad prism software (version, 5; Italy). Results: Our study revealed that BMI had a great influence on adherence to exercise, other factors include availability of sports tools, time, social support and exercise trainer. Recommendations: We recommended inclusion of exercise in timetables of college students and staff members. Furthermore, we suggest engagement of sport's trainer at the college to increase student's and staff's awareness toward the importance of physical exercise.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is most common female endocrine disorder which cause distress in both physical and emotional well-being and leads to long life suffering of the affected female, so the aim of this study is to assess impact of lifestyle changes intervention on quality of life and self -esteem of adolescent female with polycystic ovary syndrome. Methods: Predictive correlation research design was used. A purposive sample of 50 females with PCOS were included. Pre/post intervention subject's assessment was done. The intervention was administered in five sessions. Quality of life, self f-esteem were measured pre and post intervention. Results: Subjects' knowledge regarding poly cystic ovary was improved significantly post the intervention, also incidence of obesity among subjects' decreased by 16% compared with 66% pre intervention. Regarding subjects' self-esteem 96% of the subjects had low self-esteem before the intervention, compared to 30 percent after 6 months and just 20% after 12 months. There were also significant variations in physical, psychological, and social domains of quality of life pre and post the intervention. Conclusion: The lifestyle modifications have a positive effect on the quality of life and self-esteem of the study participants. Recommendation: Lifestyle changes are the starting point for PCOS adolescent females to enhance their awareness, quality of life, and self-esteem, as well as sustain their therapeutic plan compliance, and they need long-term follow-up, as well as their ability to cope with PCOS and overall life satisfaction.

Purpose: the translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Back Pain Functional Scale (BPFS) into Arabic. Methods: According to standardized guidelines, the translation and adaptation of the scale was completed. Two panels of experts were asked to review the instrument for consistency and to evaluate all the elements of the scale for content relevance. A convenient sample of 65 patients complained of LBP, completed BPFS and recompleted it to test-retest reliability after 2 days. Results: The Arabic adapted version of the BPFS was produced and validated. The scale index of clarity was 99%. Index of Content Validity (ICV) = 98.3%. The Cronbach'α coefficient for internal consistency was 0.865. The Total score of Spearman's correlation coefficients is 0.878. Conclusion:The BPFS presented excellent reliability and validity for assessing the functional status in Arabic speaking patients with LBP.

Background. Rectus diastasis is a common problem affecting postpartum mothers. It decreases the integrity as well as functional strength of the abdominal wall, and causes low back pain and pelvic instability Objective. To examine how TECAR therapy (monopolar capacitive resistance radiofrequency of 448 KHz) affects rectus diastasis in postpartum women. Design. A prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting. Outpatient physical therapy clinic, Kafr El Sheikh University. Methods. Forty postnatal women having diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) > 2.5 cm were recruited and randomized into two equal groups; the control group received a program of selected abdominal exercises and low caloric diet of 1200 kcal/ day for 4 weeks, and the study group received the same control group interventions in addition to TECAR application. DRA degree was the primary outcome, while weight and body mass index measures were the secondary outcomes. All variables were measured at the baseline and after 4 weeks of the intervention by rectus diastasis test, abdominal ultrasonography, and calibrated weight scale. Results. Analysis showed a significant reduction (P < .05) in weight, body mass index, rectus diastasis test, and ultrasound measures in both groups in favor of the study group Conclusion. Using TECAR with a standard program of abdominal exercises and low caloric diet has more beneficial effects on postnatal DRA than practicing the exercise program alone with the low-calorie diet.

BackgroundTendinopathy is caused by repetitive motion, excessive stress on the tendon, overstretch, and motion past the critical angle of rotation or translation. There are various treatment options available for tendinitis, including those affecting both the upper and lower limbs and those of calcific and non‐calcific types.Hypothesis/purposeFew reviews have analyzed the efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) in treating upper and lower limb tendinopathies while considering calcific and non‐calcific‐type tendinitis. This paper provides a review and meta‐analysis on Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), which compared results from a group undergoing ESWT treatment to another group under different treatments.Study designSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials (CENTRAL), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) databases for articles published up to January 2022. The reference lists of identified articles were further scanned. Twenty‐two studies were included in the meta‐analysis.ResultsMeta‐analysis showed no difference in pain reduction in ESWT when compared with a comparison group at 4 (p = 0.26) and 12 weeks (p = 0.33). There were no differences in DASH scores at 12 months between the two groups (p = 0.32).ConclusionExtracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) is effective when used to treat lower limb and calcific tendinitis. It does not yield any better results than other treatment options in managing upper limb tendinopathies and non‐calcific tendinopathies.