Months before the May 2022 elections in the Philippines, many youth organizations published Filipino news articles about the presidential elections and the candidates running for different government positions. These articles inform the people about the elections and shape their opinions on the different candidates. This study used the mixed-method approach to measure the level of reading comprehension and experiences of students in reading Filipino news articles about the 2022 elections published by youth organizations and analyze the content of the said articles. A total of eighty (80) students from Philippine Science High School -Ilocos Region Campus were randomly selected to read a Filipino news article about the 2022 elections published by Explained PH and AsinBolo. The identified students were then asked to answer a questionnaire to measure their reading comprehension after reading the two articles; selected students were interviewed. The content analysis revealed that the article published by AsinBolo followed the inverted pyramid structure and used simple words in the headlines while the article published by Explained PH followed the narrative structure and often used direct and indirect quotations. Furthermore, the results indicate that the students were able to clearly understand the articles and that the reading comprehension between age and sex were not significantly different for both articles.However, there was a significant difference in the reading comprehension between different religions for the article published by AsinBolo. Finally, the thematic analysis revealed that there are six (6) factors that affected the reading comprehension of students in reading the Filipino news articles about the elections: word difficulty, familiarity with reading Filipino articles, organization of ideas, content length, current knowledge on politics, and the use of context clues.

This study is generally designed to collect, translate, and analyze Ilocano folk stories. Specifically, it sought to answer the following objectives: determine the approaches and characteristics used and discovered in translating the texts; and know the different Ilocano cultures entrenched in the stories. This qualitative research collected fifteen (15) folk stories written in Ilocano, translated these in Filipino, and validated by the experts. Using the concepts of Newmark, translated folk stories were analyzed to determine the approaches and characteristics used in the translation. Furthermore, originally written folk stories in Ilocano were analyzed to establish the themes on culture. Based on data, the following approaches were used by the translator: transposition, naturalization, adding, gisting, functional translation, couplet, and lifting of terms from the source language. All translated folk stories have the following characteristics: literal, free, culture-based, and appropriate. Four themes were formulated to explain the Ilocano culture embedded in the folk stories: Labor-Culture, Family Culture, Positive Traits, and Negative Traits. The implications of the study are the concepts of Newmark in translation are essential in translating texts especially prose; lifting of terms from the source language could be a strategy to enrich the intelectuallization of the language; translating literature or texts must be appropriate and contextualized; and Ilocano folk stories are rich in values and culture.

There may be a lot of differences in the beliefs of Filipinos, but superstitions play a big role in their everyday lives. However, in the modern and present day, due to the influence of the continuous innovations and development of science and technology, this influence is on the brink of extinction, especially for the younger generation. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the superstitions that are known and presently being practiced by students, the reasons, and factors why they still believe in superstitions, and its implications in their personal lives, society, and culture. The qualitative approach, specifically the narrative research design was used to analyze the gathered data. Results show that many students still believe and practice superstitions despite being in a science high school. Furthermore, the superstitions that students believe the most are the superstitions on death, birthdays, and weddings. Meanwhile, they don't strongly believe in superstitions about agriculture. The main factors that affect beliefs are one's family, especially grandparents, parents, and other relatives.It was also known that social media is also a factor that affects one's belief and it contradicts with other studies, where science and technology don't pose a threat on the belief in superstitions. Other than that, it was derived from the data that superstitions have positive and negative implications on one's personal life, the community, and the Filipino culture. Thus, superstitions continue to prevail in modern society, regardless of concrete evidence to prove its claims. These beliefs are considered as legacy from ancestors as well as they will continuously shape citizens.