Background: We examined PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs) and density of CD3 + and CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and investigated their significance on clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. Methods: In a cohort of 65 patients treated by definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with curative intent, immunohistochemical analysis of PD-L1 expression on TCs and ICs, and TIL subtyping was performed on primary biopsy tumor tissues, followed by prognostic evaluation of these immune response-related parameters including classification into four tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) types. To evaluate HPV status, p16 immunohistochemistry was performed. Results: Densities of CD3 + and CD8 + TILs and PD-L1 expressions on TCs and ICs were significantly higher in p16+/HPV-mediated OPSCC. Patients with high densities of stromal CD8 + TILs displayed significantly better overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). PD-L1 expression neither on tumor cells nor on immune cells affected survival outcomes. Distribution of TIM types based on the combination of PD-L1 expression on TCs and densities of CD8 + TILs is significantly different in p16+ compared with p16-OPSCC. In type III TIM (TC-PD-L1+/low CD8 + TIL density), significantly better OS was shown in p16+ group compared with p16-OPSCC. Conclusion: The prognostic and predictive role of tumor immune microenvironment was confirmed for patients with OPSCC. Combining HPV status with the evaluation of densities of CD8 + TILs and PD-L1 expression including TIM classification might be of high clinical interest and warrants further prospective evaluation.
1 I. ústav patologie, LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně 2 Klinika radiační onkologie, LF MU a Masarykův onkologický ústav, Brno 3 CEITEC -Středoevropský technologický institut, MU, Brno 4 Klinika komplexní onkologické péče, LF MU a Masarykův onkologický ústav, Brno SouhrnVýchodiska: Karcinomy orofaryngu asociované s lidským papilomavirem (human papillomavirus -HPV) nejen pro svou nadále vzrůstající incidenci představují významnou kapitolu v oblasti nádorů hlavy a krku. Tyto nádory oproti HPV negativním karcinomům orofaryngu disponují odlišnými epidemiologickými, klinickými i molekulárními vlastnostmi, lepší odpovědí na léčbu a prognózou. Vlivem těchto skutečností byla provedena celá řada studií, jejichž společným cílem bylo navržení adekvátního stagingového systému pro HPV asociované karcinomy orofaryngu, neboť 7. vydání American Joint Committee on Cancer nebralo v potaz unikátní bio logické chování tohoto onemocnění. Výsledkem jsou zásadní změny v TNM klasifikaci karcinomů orofaryngu, které jsou nyní v závislosti na expresi surogátního markeru high-risk HPV p16 členěny na p16 pozitivní a p16 negativní. Cíl: Cílem tohoto přehledového článku je nejen shrnutí aktuálních vědomostí o HPV asociovaných karcinomech orofaryngu s důrazem na jejich molekulární podklad a morfologii, ale také shrnutí a porovnání metod detekce viru HPV. Zároveň je diskutován prognostický význam exprese biomarkeru p16 u těchto nádorů. Součástí přehledového článku je dále představení změn ve stagingu karcinomů orofaryngu v závislosti na expresi markeru p16, vč. odůvodnění, která k těmto změnám vedla. SummaryBackground: The incidence of oropharyngeal carcinomas associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) is continuously increasing. HPV-positive and -negative oropharyngeal carcinomas have different epidemiological, clinical, and molecular features, with HPV-positive tumors having a better response to treatment and better prognosis. An adequate staging system for HPV-related oropharyngeal carcinomas is needed, as the American Joint Committee on Cancer 7 th Edition did not consider their unique bio logical behavior. At present, oropharyngeal carcinomas are subdivided into p16 positive and p16 negative tumors, based on their expression of p16, a surrogate marker of high--risk HPV. Purpose: This review summarizes current knowledge of HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas with emphasis on their molecular features and histopathology, as well as summarizes and compares HPV detection methods and genotyping techniques. This review also describes the prognostic significance of p16 expression in these tumors and significant changes in the staging of oropharyngeal carcinomas based on p16 expression, together with the justifications for these changes.
Combined immunoprofiles of p16, EGFR, and CD44 might provide valuable prognostic and predictive information for the individual OPSCC patients, especially in terms of response to IMRT and prediction of treatment outcomes. Application of the AJCC 8th edition staging for HPV+ OPSCC proved to improve hazard discrimination and prognostication of OPSCC.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.