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To link the notions of efficacity and justice (equity) to the actions of networks of cities assumes that we have first understood the conditions which produced this process towards alliance and cooperation, in itself voluntarily determined, between elected representatives and municipal actors, who have freely listened to each other in order to situate development within the context of a common project. Networks of cities may thus be understood on several levels. They contribute to allowing cities to be recognized as pivotal points in territorial development. They make it possible to optimize municipal management through an anticipation of changes which are going to affect collectivities (employment, for example), and the control of which becomes more efficient when taken outside of a strictly-defined area of expertise. It may also be observed that networks of cities constitute a stimulating context, on the regional scale especially, for actors looking for mediators to confederate their actions. The efficacity and equity of networks of cities vary in function to the degree of involvement of elected officials and the technicians of the cities concerned. This institutional proximity gives networks of cities a more structured "scale" than a project group, while at the same time assigning them a less rigid structure than a community institution. This article will try to show how networks of cities contribute to defining a more efficient and equitable territorial "webs" based on the linking together of various scales which seeks to overcome traditional urban hierarchies.

Avec la crise des temps caractérisée par le délitement des rythmes sociaux et le sentiment d’accélération, penser les temporalités est devenu un nouvel enjeu des politiques publiques territoriales. Cependant, un hiatus demeure entre les problématiques liées à l’hypertension des rythmes des territoires et les méthodes existantes pour les représenter. Des apports de la time-geography aux chronotopes de l’Istituto Politecnico di Milano, les travaux qui essaient de saisir le temps des territoires laissent entrevoir la difficulté de retranscrire un phénomène aussi diffus. Notre propos est de présenter les apports et limites des méthodes existantes de représentation des rythmes du territoire et de discuter des expérimentations portant sur le développement d’une méthode de photographie en série destinée à capter les évolutions fines des pratiques d’un lieu afin d’alimenter ce qu’il est maintenant convenu d’appeler le chronoaménagement.With the current crisis of time, marked by a crumbling of social rhythms and an increased sense of acceleration, the analysis of temporalities has become a new focus of territorial public policy. However, inconstencies remain between the issues arising from hypertension in territorial rhythms, and the methods currently used to characterize them. Whether drawing on time-geography or the concept of the “chronotrope” introduced by the Istituto politecnico di Milano, studies aimed at improving our understanding of territorial time reveal how difficult it is to capture so intangible a phenomenon. Our goal in this article is to describe the contributions and limits of existing methods used to portray territorial rhythms and discuss the work carried out in the context of our thesis on the development of a serial photography method designed to capture subtle evolutions in the customs of a given environment, as a way to contribute to what is increasingly becoming known as time-based land use planning.En un tiempo de crisis caracterizado por la alteración de ritmos sociales y por un sentimiento de aceleración, el pensar las temporalidades será la nueva contingencia de las políticas territoriales. Entretanto, queda una fractura entre las problemáticas relacionadas a las hipertensiones de los ritmos territoriales y los métodos existentes para representarlos. Los aportes de time-geography a los crono-tipos del Istituto politécnico di Milano, los trabajos que tratan de interpretar el tiempo de territorios dejan percibir la dificultad de transcribir un fenómeno muy difuso. Nuestro propósito es presentar los aportes y límites de los métodos existentes para representar los ritmos del territorio, y de discutir las experimentaciones sobre el desarrollo de un método de fotografía en serie, para captar las evoluciones finas de las prácticas de un lugar que alimentan lo que actualmente se llama, por convención, la crono-planificación

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