Background:The majority of adult women in the United States fail to meet daily calcium intake recommendations. This study was undertaken to (1) identify predictors of calcium supplement use versus non-use, (2) understand barriers to calcium supplementation, and (3) determine the potential impact of physician recommendation on calcium supplement use.Methods: Surveys were self-administered by 185 women, ages 20 to 64, presenting consecutively for care at 6 suburban community-based family medicine practices within the Cleveland Clinic Ambulatory Research Network (CleAR-eN). We compared demographic characteristics, health beliefs, and health behaviors of those women who reported never using calcium supplements with those who presently took calcium supplements. Women who never took calcium were also queried about reasons for nonuse and whether physician recommendation would influence their adoption of calcium supplementation.Results: Multivitamin use, self-perceived risk of osteoporosis, and age were independent predictors of calcium supplement use. Leading barriers for never-users were lack of knowledge about the need/ importance of increasing calcium intake, lack of motivation to start supplements, and the belief that their dietary calcium intake alone was sufficient. Ninety-six percent of never-users reported that they would consider taking a calcium supplement if recommended by their physician. Conclusions

Frequent electronic mail communication between patients and their addiction specialist can be utilized as an adjunct in the treatment of alcohol or substance dependency. Selected patients benefit from mandatory daily electronic mail communications with their provider through enhanced accountability, frequent self-assessment, deterrents to isolation, and a sense of continuous access to care. Participants have found the experience easy and enjoyable and all have maintained continuous sobriety. We present our experience using this modality as a series of illustrative case reports and a discussion of the implications of using electronic mail with patients in addiction medicine.

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