Body condition is commonly used in ecology to assess the physiological health of an organism or population, and can be used to predict individual survival or breeding success.Waterfowl have been the focus of much research on body condition, and we studied body condition via carcass composition and using a scaled mass index (SMI) in American black ducks (Anas rubripes) wintering in coastal, agricultural, and urban areas of Atlantic Canada. Carcass composition varied between sexes and body mass decreased through winter as fat reserves depleted. Carcass composition was compared to black ducks wintering in the United States, and black ducks wintering in Atlantic Canada were structurally smaller yet proportionally fatter than those wintering in the United States, likely as a mechanism to survive Atlantic Canada's harsher winters. SMI did not differ between coastal, agricultural or urban black ducks, indicating that despite known differences in the diets of the ducks from these three areas, they can maintain similar body conditions capable of surviving the winter. We show that the SMI is a nondestructive alternative to study body condition in waterfowl. Our research highlights the adaptability and hardiness of black ducks at the northern limit of their winter range.
The effect of gull predation on sympatric seabirds has garnered much attention and management action in recent decades. In Witless Bay, Newfoundland, Canada, gulls depredate significant numbers of Leach's Storm-petrels (Hydrobates leucorhous) annually. We quantified this predation on Gull Island in Witless Bay, and its effects on the storm-petrel population, by estimating the annual gull predation rate using strip transects to count storm-petrel carcasses and predicting storm-petrels' population growth rate by repeating an island-wide breeding census. Using methods that account for island topography, we found that the Leach's Storm-petrel breeding population on Gull Island declined to roughly 180,000 pairs in 2012 (95% CI: 130,000-230,000), a decrease of 6% per year since the last census in 2001 (352,000 pairs). Based on carcass counts, gulls, mostly American Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus smithsonianus), depredated 118,000-143,000 Leach's Storm-petrels in 2012. Studies of storm-petrel recruitment, the contribution of the large nonbreeding component of the population to gulls' diets, and the consequences of gulls' storm-petrel diet on the gulls themselves are needed to better predict the trajectory of both species into the future. Quantification de la prédation par les goélands dans une colonie d'Océanites cul-blanc (Hydrobates leucorhous) en diminutionRÉSUMÉ. L'effet de la prédation par les goélands sur les oiseaux marins sympatriques a suscité beaucoup d'attention et de mesures de gestion au cours des plus récentes décennies. Dans la baie Witless, à Terre-Neuve, Canada, les goélands se nourrissent chaque année d'un nombre important d'Océanites cul-blanc (Hydrobates leucorhous). Nous avons déterminé cette prédation sur l'île Gull, dans la baie Witless, et ses effets sur la population d'Océanites cul-blanc, en calculant le taux de prédation annuel des goélands au moyen de décomptes par transects des carcasses d'Océanites cul-blanc, et en prédisant le taux de croissance de la population d'Océanites culblanc au moyen d'un inventaire de nidification répété à la grandeur de l'île. En utilisant des méthodes qui tenaient compte de la topographie de l'île, nous avons constaté que la population nicheuse d'Océanites cul-blanc sur l'île Gull a diminué pour atteindre environ 180 000 couples en 2012 (IC à 95 % : 130 000-230 000), soit une diminution de 6 % par année depuis le dernier inventaire réalisé en 2001 (352 000 couples). Selon le décompte des carcasses, les goélands, surtout le Goéland argenté (Larus argentatus smithsonianus), ont prédaté de 118 000 à 143 000 Océanites cul-blanc en 2012. Des études sur le recrutement des Océanites cul-blanc, la contribution de l'importante composante non nicheuse de la population au régime alimentaire des goélands et les conséquences du régime alimentaire composé d'Océanites cul-blanc sur les goélands eux-mêmes sont nécessaires pour que les spécialistes puissent mieux prédire la trajectoire des deux espèces dans le futur.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.