Since the initial inspiration for realizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with zeolitic structures, [1] considerable effort has been made towards novel approaches to construct zeolitic metal-organic frameworks (ZMOFs) by using tetrahedral metal imidazolates. [2][3][4][5][6] To date, numerous ZMOFs have been synthesized with the motifs of which only those with desired porosity and thermal stability are potentially applicable for gas storage, separation, catalysts, encapsulation of target molecules, etc. For rational synthesis of porous and thermostable ZMOFs with the imidazole ligands, the introduction of smaller substituent groups onto imidazole ring has been found to be a vital strategy, [3, 4] because the groups play not only the role of structure-directing agent (template), but also the sites for functionalizing.[4d] Moreover, as an inseparable supporting template, the substituent group can stabilize the imidazolate ZMOFs, however, it also presents an encumbrance that inevitably blocks pores-leading to a reduction of the pore size and surface area.Furthermore, any 2-substituent at the imidazole ring may restrict the flexibility of the M À N bond rotation and render the imidazolates either barely to be generated or lacking in framework diversity. For example, the MOFs of metal 2-sub-II and Co II , Rim = 2-substituent imidazolates) [3, 4a] have been only prepared for those with R-group to be methyl, ethyl, nitro and carboxaldehyde and each of them has been observed with no more than one MOF structure that exhibits the MÀN bond % 2.05 (and M···M distance % 6.0 ). On the supposition that the MÀN bond (and M···M distance) could be expanded (Scheme 1), the lack of framework diversity from a 2-substituent imidazolate might be improved because the elongated M À N bond (and M···M distance) can weaken the selftemplate effect of the 2-substituent group and then, the MÀ N bond is rewarded with a modified flexibility of rotation. Apparently, the synthesis of cadmium 2-substituent imidazolates (CdIFs) of [{CdA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (R-im) 2 }] 1 (R = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, phenyl and nitro) shall display the role of a Rgroup and the effect of M À N bond elongation since the already reported cadmium imidazolate framework [7] was observed with a elongated M À N bond % 2.20 (and M···M distance % 6.40 ). In this paper, we report the synthesis, structure and gas adsorption properties of the polymorphous CdIFs.CdIFs of 2-substituent imidazolates were synthesized by solvothermal (or room-temperature) reaction of [Cd-A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (CH 3 COO) 2 ]·2 H 2 O and 2-substituent imidazoles [R-im-H, R = methyl (mimH), ethyl (eimH), n-propyl (pimH), n-butyl (buimH), phenyl (phimH) and nitro (nimH)] in alkyl-alcohols (or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and 1-methyl-2-pyrollidone (NMP)). Four

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel swine enteropathogenic coronavirus with worldwide distribution. PDCoV belongs to the Deltacoronavirus (DCoV) genus, which mainly includes avian coronaviruses (CoVs). PDCoV has the potential to infect human and chicken cells in vitro, and also has limited infectivity in calves. However, the origin of PDCoV in pigs, the host range, and cross-species infection of PDCoV still remain unclear. To determine whether PDCoV really has the ability to infect chickens in vivo, the three lines of chicken embryos and specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were inoculated with PDCoV HNZK-02 strain to investigate PDCoV infection in the current study. Our results indicated that PDCoV can infect chicken embryos and could be continuously passaged on them. Furthermore, we observed that PDCoV-inoculated chickens showed mild diarrhea symptoms and low fecal viral RNA shedding. PDCoV RNA could also be detected in multiple organs (lung, kidney, jejunum, cecum, and rectum) and intestinal contents of PDCoV-inoculated chickens until 17 day post-inoculation by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). A histology analysis indicated that PDCoV caused mild lesions in the lung, kidney, and intestinal tissues. These results prove the susceptibility of chickens to PDCoV infection, which might provide more insight about the cross-species transmission of PDCoV.

b Long-acting injectable nanoformulated antiretroviral therapy (nanoART) was developed with the explicit goal of improving medicine compliance and for drug targeting of viral tissue reservoirs. Prior nanoART studies completed in humanized virusinfected mice demonstrated sustained antiretroviral responses. However, the pharmacokinetics (PK) and tissue distribution of nanoART were not characterized. To this end, the PK and tissue distribution of nanoformulated atazanavir (ATV) and ritonavir (RTV) injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly in mice and monkeys were evaluated. Fourteen days after injection, ATV and RTV levels were up to 13-, 41-, and 4,500-fold higher than those resulting from native-drug administration in plasma, tissues, and at the site of injection, respectively. At nanoART doses of 10, 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg of body weight, relationships of moreand less-than-proportional increases in plasma and tissue levels with dose increases were demonstrated with ATV and RTV. Multiple-dose regimens showed serum and tissue concentrations up to 270-fold higher than native-drug concentrations throughout 8 weeks of study. Importantly, nanoART was localized in nonlysosomal compartments in tissue macrophages, creating intracellular depot sites. Reflective data were obtained in representative rhesus macaque studies. We conclude that nanoART demonstrates blood and tissue antiretroviral drug levels that are enhanced compared to those of native drugs. The sustained and enhanced PK profile of nanoART is, at least in part, the result of the sustained release of ATV and RTV from tissue macrophases and at the site of injection.

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