Background: Intensive care units provide care to patients with severe or life-threatening illnesses and injuries, which require constant support, close supervision from life support equipment and medication in order to ensure normal bodily functions. It is staffed by highly trained physicians, nurses and respiratory therapists who specialize in caring for critically ill patients. ICUs are also different from general hospital wards by a higher staff-to-patient ratio and access to advanced medical resources and equipment that is not routinely available somewhere else. Common conditions include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and other life-threatening conditions that are treated within ICUs. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the operational power, existing facilities, bed requirement, patients source and follow up and to determine and analyze the mortality in the ICU of this institution. Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted in the General Intensive Care Unit of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2019 to December 2019. A total of 607 patients who had been taken admission in General ICU unit of the hospital was recruited as study population. According to the criteria of analysis already informed, data were collected from admission register and mortality record books. We divided the total number of patients into 4 age groups, 10-30 years, 31-45 years, 46-65 years and above 65 years. We calculated patients’ mortality and male female ratio. We also considered patients coming from different specialties those who were referred to the ICU. We observed the relationship of mortality with number of organ failure too. We categorized the patients as single, double or more organs involvement and its relationship with mortality. Duration of stay in the ICU was defined as the number of days between the admission in ICU and discharge with a minimum stay of one day and also more. Relationship with mortality and number of staying days was noticed. All data were collected within data collection sheets. Result: Hospital ICU mortality in an average was 45%. Patients with long ICU stay have higher mortality than shorter stay. Nonsurvivors were older than survivors. Patients from outside have a higher mortality (85%) than those from ward, postoperative and emergency (35%).25% of patients were in the intensive care unit for more than 3 days and shared 80% of bed occupancy. Much mortality was due to inappropriate early discharge, lack of meticulous attention before admission and inadequate care after discharge. Conclusion: So strengthening of facilities may be provided by appropriate transport system and acute medicine service at emergency and also by step down units or high dependency unit in ICU surroundings. Resources and study should be directed towards the low probable mortalities to improve the ICU outcome and to decrease the mortality percentage. Continuous advice and follow up should be provided to the patients after transferring to the ward, cabin or home.

Drying shrinkage can be a major cause of deterioration of concrete structures. Aggregate sizes, curing period and water-cement ratio imparts a great impact on shrinkage of concrete. This paper represents the observed effects of water-cement ratio, curing period and aggregate sizes on shrinkage of concrete using normal weight and lightweight aggregate. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete offers several benefits as compared to the normal weight concrete. This paper checks the suitability of using lightweight concrete instead of normal concrete in case of susceptibility to shrinkage. Though the cost of the production of the lightweight aggregate is high due to energy and raw material consumption, economy can be achieved by using locally available waste materials to produce lightweight aggregates. The experiments were carried out according to ASTM C157 and ASTM C490. The variations of aggregate sizes, curing period and the water-cement ratio were applied and their effects were observed on shrinkage of concrete. This paper also recommends the proper type of concrete owing to minimal shrinkage.

Background: Acute pancreatitis in children typically presents differently and has a different course than in adults. Objective: To evaluate the association, clinical profile & biochemical evidence of childhood acute pancreatitis. Method: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Pediatrics Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during January 2019 to July 2022. Total 65 children below 12 year of age having diagnostic criteria of acute pancreatitis made by INSPPIRE group were included in this study. Results: Children examined had a mean age of 8.1 3.2 years, with 35 (53.8%) being boys. The majority of patients presented with abdominal discomfort. The epigastric area was the most prevalent site of discomfort (82%), affecting 55 people (84.6%). Before being admitted, the average patient had been in agony for 3.4 2.2 days. Fifty (76.0%) patients presented with vomiting, 22 (33.8%) cases presented with fever, 5.7 (7.7%) cases presented with shock, and 3.4 (4.6%) cases presented with melena. Leukocytosis was detected in 32% of patients, whereas elevated blood lipase and amylase levels were found in 89% and 72% of patients, respectively, according to laboratory testing. We detected biochemical abnormalities including hypokalemia (8, or 12.3%), elevated ALT (6, 9.2%), hypocalcemia (5, or 7.7%), and elevated triglycerides (3, 4.6%). In 40 (61.5%) individuals, positive ultrasonographic results were seen. Four patients (6.2%) had pancreatic pseudocysts, while three patients (4.6%) had pancreatic necrosis. Acute pancreatitis occurred for no apparent reason in 36 people (55.4%). Five patients (7.7%) had biliary sludge, four (6.2%) had biliary ascariasis, four (6.2%) had a choledochal cyst, three (4.6%) had Henoch-Schönlein purpura, and three (4.6%) had hepatitis caused by drugs (valproic acid/L-asparginase). Conclusion: Epigastric pain was shown to be the most prevalent symptom of acute pancreatitis in youngsters. This was usually due to an unknown ....

Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevention and control of COVID-19 infection are extremely important. Therefore, laboratory indicators are needed that can detect pregnant patients with mild symptoms or no symptoms at the time of admission to the hospital and ensure that these patients are separated from the healthy population. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic and clinical implication of hematologic parameters in pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: The present study adopted the observational method and analysis of the haematological indices in pregnant women. The test group comprised 55 pregnant women with covid19 infection who admitted at the Mugda Medical college Hospital for treatment of COVID-19 complications, management of pregnancy complications and delivery. Result: The result of the blood RBC 46(83.64%), PCV/Hct 47(85.4%), Platelets count 19(34.55%), WBC 11(20%), MCV 12(21.82%), Lymphocytes 11(20%) showed a significant decrease among the group, while Neutrophil 8(14.55%) increased. Conclusion: The study concluded that pregnancy in women with COVID-19 has the tendency to alter haematological indices.

Background: There is no consensus in the literature on the effects of the development of hydrocephalus on survival and disability after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the benefits of external ventricular drainage (EVD). Some studies showed good outcomes whereas some showed poor outcomes after insertion of EVD in patients with spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage with hydrocephalus. Objective: This study is planned to describe the role of external ventricular drainage in treating patients with spontaneous, either primary or secondary, intraventricular hemorrhage with hydrocephalus. Method: A hospital-based prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, which is a tertiary level hospital, from April 2016 to September 2017. A total of 42 patients of spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage, either primary or secondary, with hydrocephalus were selected for this study. Glasgow Coma Scale score for level of consciousness and Modified GRAEB score for severity of ventricular hemorrhage were recorded preoperatively. All the collected data were entered into IBM SPSS software, Version 22.0. Correlations were determined by linear regression analysis. Results: Among 42 patients, the age range was 26-75 years with a mean age of 65.2±10.87 years. Male were 26(61.9%) and females were 16(38.1%). The male-Female ratio was 1.625:1. A total of 9(21.42%) patients had a primary intraventricular hemorrhage and the rest of 33(78.58%) had an intraventricular hemorrhage. Preoperative GCS ranged from 4 to13 with a mean value of 7.14 ± SD 1.995. Modified GRA Escoresre was ranged from 5 to 19 with the mean 8.85± SD 0.7693. The difference in GCS at 24 hours was ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of +10 with an increase of +1.67± SD 2.09. Collected CSF volumes at 24 hours were ranged from a minimum of 50 to a maximum of 480 ml with a mean of 338 of 0.33 ml ±SD 113.329. Total 5 patients died within 30 days. ...........