Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has become one of the most prosperous positioning technologies due to its advantages in non-contact and non-line-of-sight sensing. Most of the current positioning applications using RFID were implemented by setting a few RFID readers in some known locations, which were only suitable for the indoor or small area of outdoor positioning. This paper proposed a positioning algorithm by combining vehicle Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and mobile RFID readers. The positioning accuracy is better than ±5 m with an identification distance of 160 m. This method can be used in the outdoor positioning with a rapid and accurate locating of the target objects, which is very helpful for the specific objects positioning and change detection in daily urban management and regulations.

Mobile Guiding System for Parks based on highly precision electronic map is of many researchers' concern, but commercial software cannot perform GPS positioning on custom-made maps for parks, and is not accurate enough to satisfy the requirements for drawing high precision electronic maps. This study uses trajectories measured by My Tracks software and a map edited in JOSM software to implement a custom-made electronic map. By processing GPS data gathered by smooth filtering, k-mean algorithm, mean filtering, and weighted-averaging (SKMW), it calibrated a custom-made map for a park mobile guiding system, based on a design from the gvSIG Mini open source project. Using Beijing JiuFeng National Forest Park as a case, this study developed LBS and SNS related service functions. The field test shows that the SKMW method can effectively improve the accuracy of a custom-made electronic map, and the practicality and expandability of a park mobile guiding system.