Objective To investigate the effects of preoperative anxiety relieving on electrophysiological changes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods A total of 61 patients at ASA III risk group in the age range of 18-65 years were enrolled in the present study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group S (Sedation group) was administered 0.04 mg/kg lorazepam per os (PO) twice before the operation. Group C (control group) was not administered with any anxiolytic premedication. State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used to evaluate the level of anxiety. Electrocardiography (ECG), pulse oximeter and standard monitoring were performed for each patient. QT and P dispersions in each derivation of all ECGs were calculated. Results Preoperative STAI-I scores were significantly lower in sedation group compared to the controls. Mean values of QT dispersion measured before induction, at the 1st minute of induction, 30th second of intubation and 4th minute of intubation in sedation group were significantly reduced compared to controls ( P =0.024; P =0.027; P =0.001; P =0.033, respectively). The mean values of P dispersion measured before induction, at the 3rd minute of induction, 30th second of intubation and 4th minute of intubation in sedation group were significantly reduced compared to controls ( P =0.001; P =0.020; P =0.023; P =0.005, respectively). Conclusion Elevated anxiety levels in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery have a negative effect through prolonged QT and P-wave dispersion times. Anxiolytic treatment before surgery may be useful to prevent ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and associated complications through decreasing the QT and P-wave dispersion duration.

Aim: Being the most commonly used antipyretic and analgesic, paracetamol is one of the most common causes of childhood poisoning in the world and maintains its importance also in our country. Paracetamol poisoning is one of the most common causes of liver failure. This study aimed to investigate if pomegranate juice had protective effect in acute liver toxicity related with paracetamol. Material and Methods:A total of 36 Wistar-Albino rats were divided into four groups as the paracetamol group (3 000 mg/kg paracetamol), the pomegranate juice + paracetamol group (1.5 mL pomegranate juice plus 3 000 mg/kg paracetamol), the pomegranate juice group (1.5 mL pomegranate juice) and the control group (1.5 mL distilled water). Pomegranate juice and distilled water were administered for eight days. Paracetamol was administered on day 8. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, as an oxidative marker, was measured in the blood and liver tissue on day 9. In addition, liver tissues were evaluated histologically (in terms of increased connective tissue, granular degeneration, mononuclear cell infiltration, necrotic cells and vascular congestion). Results:The liver tissue and blood thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were found to be significantly lower in the pomegranate juice + paracetamol group compared to the paracetamol group (p<0.05). Histologically, structural changes related with damage were observed in both the paracetamol group and pomegranate juice + paracetamol group. The extent of damage was statistically significantly lower in the pomegranate juice + paracetamol group (p<0.001). Conclusions:Our results related with oxidative and histologic evaluation showed that pomegranate juice might have a preventive effect in paracetamol-induced acute liver damage. (Turk Pediatri Ars 2016; 51: 72-8)

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Amaç: Bu çalışmada Tip 2 diyabetes mellitus (DM) tanısı olan hastaların diyabet süreleri ve HbA1c seviyelerinin olfaktör disfonksiyon ile ilişkili olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Önceden bilinen Tip 2 DM tanısı alan ve bu nedenle ilaç kullanan 50 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların koku fonksiyonlarını test etmek için 12 farklı koku maddesi bulunan The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) Türkçe versiyonu kullandı. Çalışmaya katılan hastaların yaş, kilo, boy, kilo, HbA1C seviyeleri, diyabet süreleri ve test sonuçları kaydedilerek gerekli analiz yapıldı. p değeri <0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Diyabet süresi ve HbA1c düzeyleri ile B-SIT skorları arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptanmadı. Sonuç: Daha uzun süreli DM'si olan hastalarla yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with olfactory dysfunction. Material and Methods: Fifty patients with prior Type 2 DM diagnoses under antidiabetic treatment were included to the study. We used the Turkish version of The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) including 12 different odorants to test the odor functions of patients. Age, weight, height, HbA1C levels, duration of diabetes and test results of the patients participating in the study were recorded and necessary analysis was performed. p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no significant correlation between duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels and B-SIT scores. Conclusion: In order to confirm our findings further studies with larger sample sizes, with patients with longer duration of DM are needed.