Purpose -The aim of this study was to reveal the role and importance of the milk collection centers in İzmir in assuring food safety in the Turkish dairy sector. Design/methodology/approach -A five-point Likert scale was applied to collect data on the food safety practices and the problems confronted in MCCs. The difference between the groups in the managers' and MCCs' specifications and the food safety applications in the MCCs were determined by one-way ANOVA for continuous variables. For the continuous variables, a normal distribution test was applied by Jarque-Bera test. For variables displaying normal distribution, analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was performed. For the variables not displaying normal distribution, Kruskall-Wallis test. In the evaluation of other data descriptive statistics were applied. Findings -Because the milk in the MCCs is generally obtained from small-scale family farms, it is not of the desired quality from a food safety and food quality perspective. The quality control analysis of raw milk cannot be carried out because of the lack of qualified specialists and equipment inadequacies. The most general test applied on milk delivery is based on the monitoring of the sensory properties of the milk. Research limitations/implications -All MCCs were covered in the sample size of the research and the questionnaires were applied to all 43 MCC managers in İzmir. Practical implications -An effective organizational and educational structure must be established to monitor food safety and related practices in MCCs. Originality/value -The paper adds to the body of knowledge on procecessors and their attitudes to food safety and suggests implementation of various practices which could improve results.
Turkey has some flaws and challenges in the functioning of agricultural products markets. The receipt warehouse system, which is used for various agricultural products and in many countries around the world is important in terms of proper functioning of agricultural products markets. Therefore, in recent years, creating a legal infrastructure for a receipt warehouse system has gathered speed in Turkey. The study is focused on the functioning of the receipt warehouse system which has existed in developed countries for a long time and recently put into practice in Turkey. The aim of the study is to evaluate the system in terms of Turkish agricultural products, discuss the potential advantages of the warehouse receipt system for farmers, agroindustry, traders, exporters, and more and the problems encountered in the improvement of the system. This review was performed based on domestic and international literature. According to the results of evaluation, primary advantages of the system are availability of high-quality products at desired times in sufficient quantities, price stability, decreasing the cost of stocking and offering farmers eligible loans and credit. In spite of its advantages, it seems that the development of the warehouse receipt system in agricultural markets will not be easy in Turkey because of small-scale enterprises in agriculture sector, the absence of a specialized commodity exchange and the high cost of establishing a licensed warehouse. Keywords: Warehouse receipt system, agro-food trading, food marketing, Turkey TÜRKİYE'DE TARIM VE GIDA ÜRÜNLERİ İÇİN LİSANSLI DEPOCULUK SİSTEMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİÖZET: Türkiye'de tarım ve gıda ürünleri piyasalarının işleyişinde bir takım aksaklıklar ve sorunlar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Başta gelişmiş ülkeler olmak üzere dünyada birçok ülkede ve üründe yaygın bir şekilde uygulanan lisanslı depoculuk sistemi, Türkiye'de belirli tarım ve gıda ürünleri piyasalarının düzgün bir biçimde işlemesi açısından önemli görülmektedir. Nitekim Türkiye'de de lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin yasal altyapısının hazırlanması çalışmaları son yıllarda hızlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin Türk tarım ve gıda ürünleri açısından genel bir değerlendirmesinin yapılması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, lisanslı depoculuk sisteminde yer alan ana unsurların sistemden sağlayacağı avantajlar ve lisanslı depoculuğun gelişmesinin önünde duran sorunlar için alınması gereken önlemler tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışma yerli ve uluslararası literatürden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeye göre, kaliteli ürünün istenilen zamanda ve miktarda elde edilmesi, fiyat istikrarı sağlaması, stok maliyetinin azaltılması ve üreticilere uygun kredi olanaklarının sağlanması lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin başlıca avantajlarıdır. Bu avantajlarına rağmen, Türkiye'de lisanslı depoculuk sisteminin gelişimi, tarımsal işletmelerin küçük ölçekli olması, ürün ihtisas borsalarının mevcut olmayışı ve lisanslı depo kurma maliyetlerinin çok yüksek olması gibi nedenlerle kolay görülmemekt...
The red meat processing industry has an important place in the food industry in Turkey. However, there are significant problems that limit the contribution of the industry to the red meat sector, particularly with regard to the livestock enterprises which are the source of raw materials. The aim of this paper is to identify the problems of the red meat processing industry, and to suggest solutions to these problems, through a case study of Izmir and Afyonkarahisar provinces, which together provide a useful representation of the structural characteristics typically found in the red meat sector in Turkey. In this study, a total of 71 face-to-face surveys were conducted with the managers of slaughterhouses (19), meat combines (13) and meat and meat product processing plants (39). The current situation of the enterprises and their problems were examined, particularly with regard to raw material supply, production and marketing. High and unstable prices of raw materials, combined with high costs, are the major problems. In order to resolve the problems in the industry, horizontal and vertical integration needs to be improved throughout the entire supply chain, starting from livestock farming through to the point where the end product reaches the final consumer.
Amaç: Türkiye’de tüketicilerin gıda değerlerini ve sağlık bilincini düzeyini belirlemek, gıda değerleri algısına göre sağlık bilinci düzeyini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Tasarım/Metodoloji/Yaklaşım: Araştırmanın ana materyalini, Türkiye genelinde 1050 tüketici ile bilgisayar destekli web görüşmesi (CAWI) yöntemiyle elde edilmiş veriler oluşturmaktadır. Tüketiciler belirlenirken, Türkiye temsili olacak şekilde cinsiyet, yaş ve Sosyo-ekonomik Statü (SES) kriterleri dikkate alınmıştır. Tüketicinin sağlık bilinci düzeyini ölçmek için Sağlık Bilinci Ölçeği, gıda değer sistemini belirlemede ise Gıda Değerleri Listesi kullanılmıştır. Tüketicilerin gıda değerlerinin temelinde yatan boyutları belirlemek amacıyla faktör analizi uygulanmış ve gıda değeri boyutuna ait faktör skorunun negatif ve pozitif olma durumuna göre tüketiciler segmetlere ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma sonuçları, tüketicilerin yaklaşık %50’sinin ortalama sağlık bilinci düzeyinin altında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de, toplum tarafından genel kabul gören sekiz gıda değerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tüketicilerin %54.3’ü gıda değerlerine ilgisizdir. Gıda değerlerine önem vermeyenlerin sağlık bilincinin düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Özgünlük/değer: Araştırma sonuçlarının, sağlık bilincini arttırmaya yönelik tüketici davranışı değişikliği hedefleyen politika araçlarının ve uygulamalarının daha etkili olması için gerekli olan bilimsel bulguları sağlaması beklenmektedir.
The knowledge of medicinal plants and honey plants has been one of the most important concerns of people since the beginning of their existence. The use of plants for therapeutic purposes has been transmitted over the millennia from generation to generation, and today we are witnessing a reconsideration of the traditional medicine, in the sense that research show that herbal medicines are products more biologically accessible to human metabolism than synthetic drugs which sometimes produce side effects. The lack of scientific knowledge to explain the therapeutic qualities of these plants has long made their healing power a "mystery." Due to the progress of science, the extraction of medicinal principles from the herbs and the synthesis of new drugs have emerged. Around the world there is a wide variety of Salvia spp. spontaneously growing plants; many of them have valuable medicinal properties while others are used for decorative purposes. The aim of the paper is to show how this ancient plant has conquered the world with its qualities.
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