Background: Medical education is full of burden and pressure, so that medical students are prone to get depressive disorder and anxiety disorder. These have been proven by several researches conducted in the faculties of medicine from abroad as well as in Indonesia. Medical students, either preclinical or clinical, need to face many obstacles, but clinical students have more demands than preclinical students and they are directly responsible for patient safety. The more demands of the clinical students made them prone to have more depressive and anxiety disorder.Method: This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study on 200 students on Atma Jaya Medicine Faculty by choosing 100 pre-clinical and clinical students with simple random sampling. Data were collected with structured interviews by using MINI ICD-10 instrument to determine the depressive and anxiety disorder.Results: There were significant differences between the proportion of depressive disorder and anxiety disorder among preclinical and clinical students in FKUAJ 2015 (p = 0.044 and p = 0.048). The proportion of depressive disorder and anxiety disorder in clinical students are higher than preclinical students (29% vs. 17% and 38% vs. 25%).Conclusions: Clinical students are more prone to get depressive disorder 1,99 times and anxiety disorder 1,84 times than preclinical students FKUAJ year 2015

Background:Lopinavir, ritonavir, atazanavir, and saquinavir had been reportedly used or suggested for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. They may cause electrocardiography changes. We aim to evaluate risk of PR prolongation, QRS widening, and QT prolongation from lopinavir, ritonavir, atazanavir, and saquinavir.Methods:In accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines, our search was conducted in PubMed Central, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest from inception to June 25, 2020. Titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance. Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 and Downs and Black criteria was used to evaluate quality of studies.Results:We retrieved 9 articles. Most randomized controlled trials have low risk of biases while all quasi-experimental studies have a positive rating. Four studies reporting PR prolongation however only 2 studies with PR interval >200 ms. One of which, reported its association after treatment with ritonavir-boosted saquinavir treatment while another, during treatment with ritonavir-boosted atazanavir. No study reported QRS widening >120 ms with treatment. Four studies reporting QT prolongation, with only one study reaching QT interval >450 ms after ritonavir-boosted saquinavir treatment on healthy patients. There is only one study on COVID-19 patients reporting QT prolongation in 1 out of 95 patients after ritonavir-boosted lopinavir treatment.Conclusion:Limited evidence suggests that lopinavir, ritonavir, atazanavir, and saquinavir could cause PR prolongation, QRS widening, and QT prolongation. Further trials with closer monitoring and assessment of electrocardiography are needed to ascertain usage safety of antivirals in COVID-19 era.

Background: Medical awareness and clinical management of seasonal influenza remains limited in Indonesia. As future health workers, nursing students’ and medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding influenza and influenza vaccine are important to make patients have better understanding about influenza. We explored their ideas about community intervention and education models regarding influenza and influenza vaccine. The aims of this study were to obtain nursing students’ ideas about community intervention models and medical students’ idea about education models regarding influenza and influenza vaccine.Method: A qualitative study using in-depth interview was conducted towards 10 nursing students and 10 medical students to explore their opinions and ideas about community intervention and education models regarding influenza and influenza vaccine.Results: Nursing students’ ideas for community intervention models were varied. Most of them mentioned poster, leaflet, workshop, counselling, and free influenza vaccination. There were also some interesting ideas, such as influenza handbook, influenza educational song, influenza car campaign, and popular science article about influenza. As for medical students, the education model they proposed was mostly seminar, workshop, pre-clinic training, and visual media such as poster and video.Conclusion: The study highlights the needs to educate future health workers about influenza and influenza vaccine to improve knowledge, practice and attitudes. Innovative and up-to-dateintervention models regarding influenza and influenza vaccine are needed to improve the health workers’ quality.

<p><br />Adiksi alkohol adalah suatu fenomena yang berdampak pada perilaku, kognitif, dan fisiologis seseorang yang berkembang setelah berulangkali mengonsumsi minuman beralkohol dan dapat terjadi pada semua kelompok usia. Pengonsumsian alkohol yang berlebihan telah menjadi masalah kesehatan di berbagai negara dan permasalahan ini cenderung mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Berbagai dampak buruk yang diakibatkan oleh adiksi alkohol, baik pada segi fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial, maupun lingkungan dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin membuktikan adanya hubungan antara adiksi alkohol dan kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain penelitian potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 80 orang pengunjung yang mengonsumsi alkohol di kafe-kafe wilayah Jakarta Selatan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2018 yang diambil menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Adiksi alkohol dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner CAGE dan kualitas hidup dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner WHOQOL-BREF versi bahasa Indonesia. Hubungan antara kedua variabel ini dinilai dengan uji analisis statistik Kai-kuadrat. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara adiksi alkohol dan kualitas hidup pada pengunjung kafe-kafe di Jakarta Selatan pada keempat domain WHOQOL-BREF (p=0,000). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa individu dengan adiksi alkohol memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk mengalami perburukan kualitas hidup dibandingkan dengan individu yang tidak mengalami adiksi alkohol, yakni OR=33,696, OR=18,208, OR=31,200, OR=7,737 pada masing-masing domain WHOQOL-BREF. Dapat disimpulkan, terhadap hubungan bermakna antara adiksi alkohol dan kualitas hidup.</p>

Pendahuluan: Kurangnya jumlah jam tidur dan kualitas tidur yang buruk sering dialami oleh populasi umum. Keduanya, dapat berdampak banyak hal pada tubuh, salah satunya adalah kapasitas fungsional fisik. Kapasitas fungsional fisik dapat diukur menggunakan six-minute walk test (6MWT). Penelitian yang membahas mengenai 6MWT sudah banyak namun belum ada yang secara spesifik mencari hubungan antara kualitas dan kuantitas tidur dengan 6MWT pada dewasa muda dan dewasa tua.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah desain penelitian deskriptif analitik yang dilakukan secara potong lintang pada dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok dewasa muda dan dewasa tua. Data diambil dari kuesioner demografi, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), dan pengukuran six-minute walk test secara langsung. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan metode uji kai kuadrat dan uji T tidak berpasangan.Hasil: Dari 40 dewasa muda, 62,5% dewasa muda mempunyai kualitas tidur buruk sedangkan dewasa tua hanya 26,7%. Sebanyak 67,5% dewasa muda mempunyai kuantitas tidur yang kurang sedangkan untuk dewasa tua hanya 48,9%. Dari 39 dewasa tua, 57,9% dewasa tua laki-laki dan 65% dewasa tua perempuan menempuh jarak normal sedangkan dewasa muda laki-laki hanya sebanyak 50% dan perempuan sebanyak 44,4%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kualitas tidurdengan six-minute walk test (p=0,03) namun tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kuantitas tidur dengan six-minute walk test (p=0,797).Simpulan: Dewasa tua yang memiliki kualitas tidur baik dan kuantitas tidur cukup lebih banyak, menempuh jarak normal lebih banyak dan mempunyai rata-rata jarak lebih jauh dibandingkan dewasa muda. Terdapat hubungan positif antara kualitas tidur dengan six-minute walk test pada kedua kelompok. Pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan six-minute walk test perlu lebih banyak digunakan.