<p>Rumput laut (<em>seaweed</em>) atau alga merupakan bagian terbesar dari tanaman laut dan komoditi ekspor yang potensial untuk dikembangkan. Indonesia memiliki lima jenis rumput laut yang bernilai ekonomis<br />tinggi sebagai komoditi ekspor dan juga dikonsumsi domestik yaitu <em>Eucheuma</em> sp., <em>Glacillaria</em> sp., <em>Gelidium</em> sp., <em>Sargassum</em> sp. dan<em> Hypnea</em> sp. <em>E. cottoni</em> dan <em>E. spinosum</em> merupakan spesies alga merah penghasil karaginan dan andalan eksport Indonesia. Rumput laut jenis ini banyak dibudidayakan di Propinsi Maluku khususnya di Kota Ambon dan Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan sifat fisiko-kimia <em>semi refined carrageenan</em> (SRC) <em>E. cottonii</em> yang berasal dari Desa Waiheru, Kota Ambon dan Desa Lermatang, Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif. Analisis meliputi perhitungan rendemen, fiskositas, kekutan gel, kadar air, abu dan sulfat. Hasil pengamatan sifat fisiko-kimia SRC dari desa Lermatang Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Barat rendemen yaitu 26,8%, fiskositas 60,80 cP, kekutan gel 100 g/cm2, kadar air 15,79%, abu 21,24%, dan sulfat 13,27%, dan SRC dari desa Waiheru Kota Ambon dengan rendemen 24,73%, fiskositas 121,60 cP, kekuatan gel 700 g/cm<br />2, kadar air 16,04 %, abu 15,26%, dan sulfat 12,34%.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>
Industri tuna loin menyisakan limbah berupa tetelan daging tipis bercampur serat yang cukup banyak. Tetelan tuna memiliki prospek pengembangan yang cukup baik karena dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan surimi. Surimi merupakan intermediate product memiliki kandungan protein fungsional yang tinggi dan telah dikenal di seluruh dunia. Surimi merupakan bahan baku fish jelly product seperti kaki naga, bakso, nuget dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan hasil observasi ternyata bahwa tetelan tuna belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Masyarakat di wilayah Klasis Pulau Ambon Utara belum mengetahui pengolahan surimi dan peluang pengembangannya menjadi berbagai produk yang berdaya saing. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan tetelan tuna melalui penerapan teknologi surimi dan pengolahan produk kakinaga kepada ibu rumahtangga dari beberapa desa di pulau Ambon Utara sehingga dapat menjadikannya sebagai sumber pendapatan baru untuk meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga. Hasil uji T sampel berpasangan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pengetahuan khalayak sasaran antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan penyuluhan tentang teknologi surimi dan pengolahan surimi menjadi produk kaki naga. Rata-rata skor nilai post test dari 30 peserta pelatihan meningkat sebesar 59,39% setelah diberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil evaluasi akhir untuk praktek uji coba pengolahan surimi dan kaki naga menunjukkan bahwa 90 % peserta cukup trampil dalam melakukan pengolahan kedua produk tersebut.
In this study, liquid smoke production waste gas (LSPW) was used as a substitute for carbon monoxide (CO) and filter smoke in handling frozen tuna steaks. Tuna steaks were packed in plastic bags, then inside the bag, tuna steak were sprayed with CO and LSPW, and stored at 4°C for two days. After that, each package was vacuumed and stored at -25°C for four weeks. Observation of quality deterioration of tuna steak started from the beginning of storage until the fourth week. The results showed a significant difference in the average TPC value of tuna steak sprayed with CO and LSPW during frozen storage. While the values of pH, TVB, myoglobin, and color were not significantly different. Until the end of the observation, the quality of tuna steak was still relatively good with myoglobin content values of CO and LSPW treatments, respectively: 36.65±4.78 and 42.04±4.47 mg%, color 34.67±9.07 and 35.67±8.50 °Hue, pH 6.47±0.15 and 6.60±0.10, TVB-N 18.04±0.93 and 17.86±0.98 mg N/100g, histamine 1.92±0.05 and 1.85±0.13 ppm, and TPC 7.41x102 and 8.70x102cfu/g.
Fishery products are a high source of nutrients, especially fatty acids. The smoking technology with liquid smoke is being developed to preserve fishery products. With this processing, fish are expected to be more durable and have better nutritional content, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), needed in the body. For this reason, research has been carried out to see the impact of fish processing with liquid smoke technology on the fatty acid profile of smoked Indian scad. The method used is the experimental method using coconut shell liquid smoke and samples of fresh and smoked Indian scad. The results showed that the fatty acid profile of fresh and smoked Indian scad contained 27 types of fatty acids consisting of 11 saturated fatty acids and 16 unsaturated fatty acids. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fresh and smoked Indian scad is greater than the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The high ratio of PUFA-ω3/PUFA-ω6 and the low value of Index of Atherogenic (IA) and Index of Thrombogenic (IT) of fresh and smoked Indian scad treated with coconut shell liquid smoke indicate the quality of fish fat is very good for consumption which is beneficial for health.
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