An experiment was carried out to test the effect of Sesame residue (SR) inclusion in the diets of growing Yankasa ram lambs on haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Twelve (12) Yankasa ram lambs with initial body weight of 20.08±3.08kg were allotted to three dietary treatments containing 0, 20 and 30% SR (A, B and C). A completely randomized design was used for the study which lasted twelve (12) weeks. The haemetology results revealed that the white blood cells (12.85-16.85 109/L), red blood cells (1.49-2.04 1012/L), haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) (39.85-48.00 pg), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and lymphocytes differed significantly (P<0.05) among the treatments. Lambs fed 30% SR had the highest MCV, MCH, MCHC and lymphocyte values. Serum biochemical analysis results revealed that lambs fed 20% and 30% SR had higher alkaline phosphatase, total protein and globulin values than lambs fed 0%SR. However, SR inclusion in the diets did not affect calcium and phosphorus levels of the lambs. In conclusion, including sesame residue at 30% in the diets of growing Yankasa ram lambs had no observable adverse effect on haematological and serum biochemical parameters.
In Nigeria, after harvest of sesame, residues are not efficiently utilized by small-holder farmers as livestock feed probably due to lack of knowledge about its potentials. Also, they are heaped in large quantities with little or no monetary value placed on them. Therefore, incorporating them in the diets of the animals will cause no significant additional cost on the production cost to farmers. In addition, its utilization as livestock feed will go a long way in reducing environmental pollution due to improper disposal ( Jonathan et al., 2008).
The North Bank Region (NBR) of The Gambia rangeland is composed of shrubby vegetation with few widely spaced trees and undergrowth forbs and grass species on a flat terrain. A study was conducted to ascertain the challenges and threats to rangelands utilization by livestock in NBR, and to identify appropriate intervention indicators for sustainable rangeland livestock production in the region.A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 200 respondents from the seven districts in the NBR. Data obtained from the study were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Majority (94.9%) of the respondents were not satisfied with the current condition of their rangelands. A large number (54.3%) of the respondents noted crop cultivation as a source of rangeland encroachment. Other sources of rangeland encroachment in NBR noted by the respondents were transhumance grazing, bush burning and firewood fetching. Provision of water is the most intervention of interest in NBR as opined by 46.9% of the respondents, while 16.9% recommended pasture establishment for sustainable rangeland livestock production. Challenges faced by livestock keepers and context-specific areas of intervention were highlighted. The study revealed a decline in rangeland forage resources in NBR of The Gambia. Crop farming was found to be the major cause of rangeland encroachment. Priority should be given to rangeland development and protection for sustainable livestock production in The Gambia. La région de la rive nord (RRN) des parcours de la Gambie est composée d'une végétation arbustive avec peu d'arbres largement espacés et de sous-bois et d'espèces d'herbes sur un terrain plat. Une étude a été menée pour déterminer les défis et les menaces à l'utilisation des pâturages par le bétail dans la NBR, et pour identifier les indicateurs d'intervention appropriés pour une production animale durable sur les parcours dans la région. Une technique d'échantillonnage à plusieurs degrés a été utilisée pour sélectionner 200 répondants dans les sept districts de la RRN. Les données obtenues à partir de l'étude ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives. La majorité (94,9%) des répondants n'étaient pas satisfaits de l'état actuel de leurs parcours. Un grand nombre (54,3 %) des répondants ont indiqué que la culture des cultures était une source d'empiètement sur les parcours. Les autres sources d'empiètement sur les parcours dans la RRN notées par les répondants étaient le pâturage de transhumance, le brûlage de brousse et le ramassage de bois de chauffage. L'approvisionnement en eau est l'intervention la plus intéressante dans la RRN, comme l'ont exprimé 46,9% des personnes interrogées, tandis que 16,9% ont recommandé l'établissement de pâturages pour une production animale durable sur les parcours. Les défis auxquels sont confrontés les éleveurs et les domaines d'intervention spécifiques au contexte ont été mis en évidence. L'étude a révélé un déclin des ressources fourragères des parcours dans la RRN de la Gambie. L'agriculture s'est avérée être la principale cause de l'empiètement des pâturages. La priorité devrait être donnée au développement et à la protection des parcours pour une production animale durable en Gambie.
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