Development of new rapeseed genotypes must be based on evaluation of parameters of environmental plasticity and stability. The purpose of the research is comparative characteristic of winter rapeseed varieties bred at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil crops (VNIIMK) by calculated statistic parameters of adaptability, environmental plasticity, stability, resistance to stress factors and genetic flexibility in conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region in the different years. We studied varieties Elvis, Loris, Sarmat, Selegor, VN-40173 (Olivin) and three promising samples VN-38630, VN40143, and VN-912. Indicators of environmental plas- 46 ticity and stability were calculated using seed yields of winter rapeseed varieties for six years by S.A. Eberhart & W.A. Rassell’s method as revised by V.А. Zykin. To calculate a coefficient of linear regression we determined environment indexes characterizing variability of variety cultivation conditions. Resistance to stress factors and genetic flexibility we determined due to A.A. Rossille & J. Hamblin’s equation as expounded by А.А. Goncharenko. Search of potential productivity and adaptability was conducted by L.A. Zhivotkova’s method. The most favorable conditions for growth and development of winter rapeseed were formed in 2016, when the average yield of varieties was 5.13 t per ha, acceptable ones – in 2014 (4.21 t per ha). Conditions in 2017 and 2019 were characterized as non-satisfactory as environmental index was negative, average yield – 3.65 and 3.64 t per ha, respectively. Comparative analysis of varieties and samples of winter rapeseed of VNIIMK breeding by parameters of environmental plasticity and stability in the Krasnodar region showed the varieties Selegor with average seed yield by years 4.69 t per ha and Sarmat with yield 4.35 t per ha were the most plastic, adaptive, and genetically adaptable. VN-912, Loris and Elvis were the most stable among all the studied varieties. They possess the better adaptability to deterioration of cultivation conditions. The varieties Olivin, VN-912 and Loris possess high resistance to stress factors.

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Breeding value of dihaploid lines of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). E.B. Bochkaryova, doctor of agriculture L.A. Gorlova, PhD in biology V.V. Serdyuk, senior researcher E.A. Strelnikov, PhD in biology

Early maturing cultivars of winter rapeseed are of a great demand in the modern production as they allow lowering field intensity of harvesting works. Agrarians are interested in the cultivars which can be harvested simultaneously with winter barley and earlier than middle maturing wheat cultivars. Early maturing rapeseed cultivars are less depressed with summer droughts in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, they have shorter and more intensive periods of flowering and ripening. The purpose of our research was to select genotypes of winter rapeseed combining short vegetative period and complex of economically valuable traits in work breeding collection of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. We studied 330 breeding samples and selected 13 ones (3.9%) having significantly shortened (by 8–4 days) vegetative period compared to the early maturing standard cultivar Elvis. Also it was selected very early sample YS 5696 of Chinese origin, which ripened by 26 days earlier than Elvis, but having low winter resistance and susceptible to returned spring frosts. The best early maturing samples by yield appeared to be ES-15, МТ-1, МR-2, 787/09, they exceeded to a significant degree the standard cultivar Elvis – by 0.32–0.45 t per ha. Their flowering period started simultaneously with Elvis crops, but their periods of flowering and ripening were quite short. Also the selected samples had meaningfully high oil yield per a unit area (from 1.77 to 1.92 t per ha) compared to the cultivar Elvis (1.66 t per ha), low level of uncontrolled sulphur-containing substances – glucosinolates (from 12.2 to 14.5 µmol/g) and 1000 seeds weight within 3.4–4.1

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