Cytological diagnosis was achieved in 89 of 206 (43.2%) malignant lung tumours verified histologically. The quality of cytological material, number of examinations, tumour size and differentiation, as well as careful handling of the material and experience of the cytologist, all influenced the rate of false-negative results. Cytological examination of sputum and bronchial secretions gave a higher rate of detecting malignant lung tumours than histological examination of material obtained by bronchoscopy.
Reliability of cytological classification of tumours from material obtained from sputum or bronchial secretion was tested on 116 histologically confirmed cases of bronchial carcinoma. Squamous-cell carcinoma and small-cell undifferentiated carcinoma were most often correctly classified, results being less good with large-cell undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma taking an intermediary position.
em obesos, ocorre disfunção do sistema imune, com uma aumentada predisposição à infecções e mortalidade por sepse. Além disso, existe correlação entre a obesidade e um aumento na contagem de leucócitos e linfócitos, com redução da proliferação dos linfócitos T e B e com aumento na atividade oxidativa e de fagocitose nos monócitos e granulócitos, demonstrando as consequências desta doença no sistema imunológico. em obesos, ocorre disfunção do sistema imune, com uma aumentada predisposição à infecções e mortalidade por sepse. Além disso, existe correlação entre a obesidade e um aumento na contagem de leucócitos e linfócitos, com redução da proliferação dos linfócitos T e B e com aumento na atividade oxidativa e de fagocitose nos monócitos e granulócitos, demonstrando as consequências desta doença no sistema imunológico.
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