Summary
Length–weight relationships (LWR) were calculated for 18 species representing 11 families of fishes. A total of 958 fish specimens from the southwestern Terminos Lagoon, Campeche (Mexico), several of which had none or few LWRs available in FishBase, were sampled (except December) using a shrimp otter trawl net from September 2003 to August 2004. Sample sizes ranged from seven Mugil curema and Archosargus probatocephalus individuals to 250 Eugerres plumieri.
The seed germination of Laguncularia racemosa and Avicennia germinans, was assessed to know the growth of seedlings under controlled conditions at different intensities of shadow (0, 35, 50 and 75% darkness). Previously selected seeds were used from random trees located in Ciudad del Carmen Campeche. L. racemosa shows an average value in the seed weight of 0.69 g, 2.26 cm length and 1.19 cm width, for A. germinans, the average seed weight was 3.79 g, 3.26 cm long and 2.20 cm wide. L. racemosa germination began at 11 days, while in A. germinans, it began at 9 days. At the end of the evaluation, the germination percentages were 22.62% for A. germinans and 65% for L. racemosa. Moreover, the results indicated that at increasing darkness levels for both species; stem length can increase, compared with the control that was full sunlight. Apparently, the seeds of A. germinans do not tolerate high light intensities; a trend also observed in seedlings, because they show a high rate of mortality and consequently, a lower germination percentage compared to L. racemosa. The results can be useful to propose regeneration activities in natural mangroves of the tropical area of Mexico.
Se contribuye al conocimiento de la diversidad florística de la familia Orchidaceae presente en el sistema fluvio-lagunar-deltaico Palizada-del Este (SFLD-PE) a partir de los datos obtenidos de 15 recolectas realizadas en 10 sitios, durante agosto 2013 a febrero 2014. El listado incluye 27 especies en 17 géneros. Ocho especies son nuevos registros para el SFLD-PE: Bletia purpurea, Catasetum integerrimum, Habenaria pringlei, H. repens, Laelia rubescens, Myrmecophila tibicinis, Ornithocephalus inflexus y Rhetinantha friedrichsthalii. Los géneros con el mayor número de especies son Epidendrum (4) y Prosthechea (4). En lo que respecta al hábito de crecimiento, 23 especies son epífitas (85%), tres especies son terrestres o semiacuáticas (12%) y una especie es exclusivamente terrestre (3%). Las especies mejor representadas en los sitios son Brassavola grandiflora (8), Bletia purpurea (7) y Habenaria repens (6). Los hospederos con mayor número de especies son Pachira aquatica (20) y Zygia latifolia (7). Epidendrum isthmi fue la única especie que se encuentra en alguna categoría de riesgo, de acuerdo a la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. Diversas acciones antrópicas inciden negativamente en el SFLD-PE: deforestación, incendios y apertura de canales de agua provocan el deterioro y fragmentación de los hábitats, lo que pone en peligro el futuro de este grupo taxonómico y de otros grupos de plantas, por lo que el conocimiento de la biodiversidad de esta área es necesario para establecer estrategias de conservación, restauración y manejo sustentable.
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