Marine conservation areas in Indonesia are a challenge and a necessity, as part of the effort to balance the socio-cultural needs of the fisherman community and the wish to conserve existing resources for the future. The implemented marine conservation areas have been undertaken to protect turtles, coral reefs, and fish was positively related to the improved economic household situation. Meanwhile, this research suggests that marine conservation area, which also takes socio-cultural impacts, has the implementation to succeed in the fishing communities. The study examined the socio-cultural situation of local fishing communities in the District of Sutera, Pesisir Selatan Regency, Province of West Sumatra, Indonesia, where turtles, coral reefs, and fish conservation implemented. The collect data used observation and interviewed are applied. The result of this study will be considered socio-cultural factors and involving local communities when implemented conservation areas. The impacts of socio-cultural potential benefit on the marine conservation areas and the fishing community’s livelihoods in general.

This study aimed to determine the patterns of development and implementation of community-based ecotourism management and identify the impact of the community-based ecotourism in Gasan Gadang Village on the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the surrounding community. The methodology used was descriptive analysis with a new institutional economics approach and the Kruskal-Wallis Test analysis. The patterns of development and implementation of community-based ecotourism management with all levels of social change analysis, including formal and informal rules such as culture, customs, habits of Gasan Gadang villagers, institutional and governance management, and even the economy, are considered good. The Community-based ecotourism management has adopted the theory of resource allocation among stakeholders of Gasan Gadang Village. The findings of this study showed that community-based ecotourism institutions and management bring positive impacts on economic, social, and culture. There was no significant difference among economic, social, and environmental impacts between the non-authorities and community-based ecotourism authorities of Gasan Gadang Village. Thus, it could be said that the benefits of community-based ecotourism received by the community were all the same. Everyone got positive benefits. However, based on the findings, it could be seen that the biggest difference was the economic impacts followed by the social impacts, while the smallest difference is the environmental impacts. From this situation, it could be concluded that the performance of community-based ecotourism authorities in Gasan Gadang Village was good and positively impacted the economic, social, and environmental aspects of the Gasan Gadang Village fishermen community.