Cortes histológicos de 120 mexilhões Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758), coletados na Lagoa de Itaipu, Niterói, RJ, por um período de 12 meses, foram examinados quanto a presença de parasitas e lesões. Noventa exemplares apresentaram cinco diferentes processos patológicos: bucefalose, presença de protozoários Nematopsis sp., inclusões basofílicas não específicas, encapsulamentos parasitários e cistos epiteliais branquiais. Cinquenta animais mostravam duas ou mais patologias concomitantes.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultraviolet (UV)‐C treatment on the decrease of the inoculated Staphylococcus aureus population in precooked shredded bullfrog meat. The precooked meat was inoculated with 8 log cfu/g of S. aureus. The packaged bullfrog's back meat was then exposed to low (0.65 mW/s/cm2), medium (1.04 mW/s/cm2) and high (1.68 mW/s/cm2) UV‐C intensities over different time intervals (60, 100 and 140 s). A reduction of 3 log cfu/g was observed in all treatments when compared with the inoculated but nonirradiated treatment (T0). All the UV‐C treatments of bullfrog's back meat used in this study reduced the S. aureus count (P < 0.05). However, this decrease was not statistically significant between each UV‐C treatment. Due to its effectiveness in log reduction, UV‐C light technology can be utilized for this type of bacteria reduction in the precooked shredded bullfrog back meat industry. Practical Applications In this work, we studied the effect of short‐wavelength ultraviolet (UV)‐C light to reduce Staphylococcus aureus levels in precooked shredded bullfrog back meat. First, this study contributes knowledge about the use of a nonthermal technology as a pathogen‐reduction step in exotic meat. Second, the UV‐C is presented as a fast, practical and inexpensive method and does not change the industrial flow. Lastly, the data showed that there was a significant reduction of these bacteria in precooked shredded bullfrog back meat and suggests that it can be effectively applied in the bullfrog meat industry.
RESUMO Na pesca de arrasto, são inúmeras as espécies de peixe capturadas acidentalmente, compostas, em sua maioria, de espécimes de pequeno tamanho e baixo valor comercial, os quais recebem o nome de rejeito de pesca. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de dois produtos, almôndega e quibe de peixe, tendo como matéria- prima espécies consideradas capturas acidentais na modalidade de pesca de arrasto realizada no litoral do Rio de Janeiro. A identificação taxonômica das espécies teve como resultado as espécies pargo (Pagrus pagrus), castanha (Umbrina sp.), olho-de-cão (Priacanthus arenatus), congro-negro (Conger sp.), congro-rosa (Genypterus brasiliensis) e peixe-sapo (Lophius gastrophysus). A matéria seca percentual na polpa foi de 31,20±1,30%, no quibe e na almôndega crus; os valores foram de 37,90±1,10 e 32,10±1,10, respectivamente. Nos produtos assados, os resultados foram 33,40±1,20 para o quibe e 34,20±1,00 para a almôndega. Os teores de cinzas na polpa foram 1,5% para o quibe e a almôndega crus; os valores de cinzas foram de 2,55±0,05 e 1,47±0,05, respectivamente. Para os produtos assados, os resultados foram 1,87±0,05 para o quibe e 1,92±0,05 para a almôndega. Os teores de lipídeos aferidos na polpa foram de 4,80±0,30%. Com relação ao quibe e à almôndega crus, o percentual de lipídeos foi de 4,20±0,80 e 4,20±0,60, respectivamente. Para os produtos assados, foi de 4,50±0,60 para o quibe e 4,40±0,60 para a almôndega. A proteína bruta apresentou, na polpa, um índice de 15,60±1,04%. Com relação ao quibe e à almôndega crus, 17,80±2,16 e 14,90±2,12, respectivamente. Para os produtos assados, 15,10±2,10 em ambos. Os compostos nitrogenados solúveis, formadores do NNP, apresentaram valores de 285mg NNP/100g de polpa de pescado crua, 291mg NNP/100g no quibe cru e 294mg NNP/100g na almôndega crua. Os resultados da contagem total de psicrotróficos mantiveram-se abaixo de log 7,0UFC/g, para contagem padrão em placas de microrganismos aeróbicos. Não foi constatada a presença de coliformes fecais Salmonella e Staphylococcus aureus. Também não foram detectados níveis de histamina e compostos à base de enxofre nas amostras.
In the face of a major global drinking water crisis, it becomes increasingly important to raise concerns on the use of sustainable techniques, mainly those aiming at saving potable water, especially in the seafood industry, that consumes significant amounts of water resources. In this context, the aim of the present study was to carry out industrial water management, quantifying and qualifying effluents from the general activities of a seafood processing industry, in order to identify which effluent exhibited reuse potential. Water use (water balance) was measured at six fish processing steps, and effluent physicochemical and bacteriological analyses were carried out. Direct reuse was not indicated for any of the analyzed effluents, mainly due to high levels of total coliform bacteria (10 4 to 10 7 MPN/100 ml). However, indirect water recycling and reuse can potentially be applied after a simple effluent primary treatment and disinfection from the freezing tunnel and cooling chamber defrosting, in order to supply cooling tower demands. This practice may reduce the total average water consumption of the processing unit by 11% and, if the effluents from the cooling tower purges were to also be reused for other administrative ends, this reduction may reach 21.9%, enhancing the competitiveness of this industry and preserving fresh drinking water.
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