It is strongly advisable to include ozone in protocol of non-invasive treatment of initial dental caries.

Aims: Xerostomia syndrome is a significant medical and social problem. It is manifested by objective and subjective symptoms of a “dry mouth” and a decrease in sialometry. The aim of the study was to determine the dental status of students of different nationalities, to identify xerostomia induced on a background of stress, and to assess the effectiveness of the use of moisturizing foams in alleviating xerostomia. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study survey (Fox test) of 100 students of the dental faculty was conducted to detect false xerostomia. The study involved 60 people with false xerostomia, divided into four groups of 15 each according to the nationality. The level of oral hygiene was determined using the Simplified Oral Hygiene and Silness-Loe indices and the rate of salivation was assessed with sialometry method by Pozharitskaya. Oral hygiene instructions were given to the participants. They were to apply moisturizing foams with lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and aloe vera, two–three times during the day for 3 weeks. A set of statistical programs was used (Microsoft Excel [2007] and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences [SPSS], version 23) to perform Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Shapiro–Wilk, Kruskal–Wallis, and Wilcoxon tests. Results: A statistically significant improvement in oral hygiene was observed in all study participants. A significant increase was detected in the rate of salivation in students from Russia ( P = 0.005), Transcaucasian countries ( P = 0.006), and Arab countries ( P = 0.005). Conclusion: It has been established that the use of moisturizing foam has a positive effect on the rate of salivation and improves the level of oral hygiene, thereby improving the quality of life for patients.

РЕЗЮМЕ Обоснование. Число мужчин и женщин с гастроэзофагеальной рефлюксной болезнью (ГЭРБ) с каждым годом растет; кроме того, эта болезнь стремится к омоложению. В связи с тем что полость рта является начальным отделом пищеварительной системы, заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) и соответствующие изменения в полости рта тесно взаимосвязаны. Цель исследования-оценка стоматологического статуса пациентов с ГЭРБ в зависимости от приема ингибиторов протонной помпы на основании комплексного клинико-лабораторного исследования. Материал и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 100 человек в возрасте 35-65 лет, которые были распределены на три группы: 1-я (контрольная)-30 человек; 2-я-35 пациентов с ГЭРБ, не принимающих ингибиторы протонной помпы, 3-я-35 пациентов с ГЭРБ, принимающих ингибиторы протонной помпы. Для выявления пациентов, имеющих предрасположенность к ГЭРБ, все участники исследования отвечали на опросник Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GRDQ). Если итоговая оценка была больше 8 баллов, пациента направляли на консультацию к гастроэнтерологу. Для оценки стоматологического статуса пациентов определяли индекс КПУ, пародонтальный индекс PI, измеряли рН слюны, а также использовали метод полимеразной цепной реакции для определения качественного и количественного состава пародонтопатогенов. Итоговая оценка по опроснику GRDQ у 2-й группы была значительно выше, чем у пациентов 1-й и 3-й групп. В ходе исследования выявлены высокая интенсивность кариеса, ухудшение паpодонтального и гигиенического статусов, высокая распространенность пародонтопатогенов Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia и Actinobaccilus actinomecetemcomitans у пациентов 2-й группы по сравнению с пациентами 3-й и контрольной групп. Выводы. Результаты исследования продемонстрировали снижение рН смешанной слюны во 2-й группе. Стоматологический статус у пациентов на фоне ГЭРБ ухудшается. Ключевые слова: гастроэзофагеальная рефлюксная болезнь (ГЭРБ), пародонтит, ПЦР (полимеразная цепная реакция), стоматологический статус, ингибиторы протонной помпы.

The aim of the study was to assess gender-related preferences in the choice of oral rehabilitation methods. The study involved 225 patients aged 16-75. The analysis included patients survey and the assessment of actual procedures received during one year follow-up. The study revealed women to be more attentive to oral health issues resulting in more regular appointments and better compliance. Dental treatment before planned pregnancy was, however, completed in only half of the patients. When choosing materials and constructions for oral rehabilitation the leading criteria for men were 'quality' and 'safety', while women chose 'esthetics' and 'quality'. Both genders would like to have their teeth 'whiter' but women undergo bleaching procedures more often. The dentists need to consider the revealed gender-related features for planning of prevention, treatment and full oral rehabilitation.

A BSTRACT Background: Currently various studies are conducted to improve the effect of existing and developing new remineralizing agents. One of the trends in remineralizing therapy is the development of toothpaste allowing brushite crystals formation in the demineralized lesions of hard tooth tissues. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of toothpaste, forming a brushite, on the functional acid resistance of enamel and the speed of its remineralization. Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled double-blind clinical study. Sixty consent patients aged 20–25 years were enrolled in the three groups: test group ( n = 20), positive control group ( n = 20), and negative control group ( n = 20), which used brushite-forming toothpaste, toothpaste with hydroxyapatite (HAP), and toothpaste without remineralizing agents, respectively. The hygiene indices, the rate of enamel remineralization, the dynamics of acid resistance of enamel, and the level of enamel sensitivity were determined at baseline, after 2 and 4 weeks to assess the effectiveness of toothpastes. Friedman rank sum test (for related variables) and the Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test (for independent variables) with Nemenyi post hoc test were used for statistical comparisons. Results: The study test and positive control groups showed significantly greater acid resistance of enamel ( P > 0.05) and rate of its remineralization at the study endpoints as compared with negative control group. In the test and positive control groups, Schiff index values significantly decreased after 4 weeks, whereas in the negative control group no significant differences were observed at the study time points. The oral hygiene level improved significantly after 2 and 4 weeks in all groups. Conclusion: The 30-day use of paste that promotes brushite formation and paste with hydroxyapatite resulted in faster enamel remineralization and higher enamel resistance. Brushite-containing toothpaste may be used as an alternative to HAP containing for remineralizing and desensitizing treatment.