The article offers the possibility of obtaining Arctic diesel fuel, which can be used at low temperatures. The physico-chemical properties of the resulting diesel fuel are also shown. New technical conditions were developed for a new type of Arctic diesel fuel. The main indicators of the quality of low-carbon diesel fuel are low-temperature properties, estimated by cloud point, temperature and temperature limit. New arctic fuel was obtained by adding a depressant. We used the depressor additives Keroflux and Difron. When selecting a depressor additive for a new grade of diesel fuel, it was necessary to take into account not only the composition of the fuel, but also the particular structure and composition of the additives themselves. Studies by many authors have shown that the solubility of additives based on copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate is lower than that of copolymers of vinyl acetate with alkyl methacrylate. The article also shows the possibility of obtaining basic fuel with a given pour point directly on the direct distillation of oil. An innovative jet hydraulic mixer was used to mix petroleum products, which provides intensive mixing of petroleum products in tanks and ensures stable quality of petroleum products during storage. Such technology allows to obtain winter and arctic varieties from summer diesel fuel by adding depressor additives.

No abstract

The problem of long-term storage of fuel remains relevant for the sparsely populated and inaccessible regions of the Arctic and Priakticheskoy zones. To ensure the heating season, lasting 9-11 months, it is necessary to import diesel fuel during the summer period during navigation, since in winter there is no access to the regions of the North by land. By the decision of the government, large volumes of diesel fuel are imported under the programs for the provision of the northern and arctic regions, so 740 thousand tons of fuel was imported to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2020. This amount of fuel is not assimilated in one season and this fuel is stored in tanks. Where, during long-term storage, the quality of raw materials deteriorates. During long-term storage of fuel, depressants do not prevent fuel stratification. Therefore, together with a depressant additive, a paraffin dispersant is used; the composition of such additives includes mainly amides and imides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids. In this article, we have studied the effect of the Dewaxol depressant-dispersant additive on diesel fuel. Considered how at various concentrations and heating temperatures of the fuel, the cloud point decreases and sedimentation stability improves. As a result of the study, it was found that the best sedimentation stability is possessed by a fuel with a high content of a depressant-dispersant additive. In addition, fuel with an additive concentration of 0.1 wt% has the maximum depressant effect and heated to 60 °C.

The results of experimental studies of the quality of Arctic diesel fuel taken from various gas stations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are shown. The main operational characteristics of Arctic diesel fuel are investigated. The work was carried out in the laboratory of the department "General, analytical and physical chemistry". Taken diesel fuel by geographic location is divided into 3 parts: central, northern and district. From each region, 3 samples of Arctic diesel fuel were taken from various gas stations. The study found that the selected main indicators of diesel fuel: density, viscosity, fractional composition and low-temperature characteristics – differ from the normative values. The worst results were shown by diesel fuel samples from the northern part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Samples of arctic diesel fuel taken from the central part and district, generally meet the quality standards of GOST 305-82, but for low-temperature characteristics, do not meet the standard.

High-quality diesel fuel is the guarantee of work of an internal combustion engine. Low ambient temperature has an influence on the physical and chemical properties of diesel fuel. It becomes a reason for failure of details of a high pressure fuel pump system. This issue is more acute in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) where the surrounding air temperature can reach up to -60C and where the essential goods are delivered to the regions of the Far North by winter roads. The article illustrates the results of experimental study of the quality of arctic diesel fuel taken from different filling stations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It also suggests a way of increase of fuel efficiency for equipment operated in the North. The article also presents a mathematical model of fuel cost during winter time. The main operational properties of arctic diesel fuel are studied. The work was carried out in the laboratory of “General, analytical and physical chemistry” department. The samples of diesel fuel were divided into three categories according to their geographic locations: central, northern and riverside. Three samples of arctic diesel fuel from different filling stations were taken in each of the regions. The study revealed that the chosen main properties of diesel fuel, such as: density, viscosity, fractional structure and low-temperature properties differ from standard values.