The synonymy of Brevennia rehi (Lindinger, 1943) is discussed. The new combination, Dysmicoccus mongolicus (Danzig, 1969), is introduced. Lectotypes are designated for Brevennia femoralis Borchsenius, 1949, Chaetococcus transcaucasicus Borchsenius, 1949 and Acanthococcus (= Rhizococcus) salsolae (Borchsenius, 1949).
Two morphologically close genera of mealybugs, Artemicoccus Balachowsky, 1953 and Coccidohistrix Lindinger, 1943, are considered based mainly onthe Palaearctic fauna. The key for all Palaearctic species is provided, and A. bispinus (Borchsenius, 1949) and C. artemisiae Kiritshenko, 1937 areredescribed and illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for three nominal species. The following new synonymy is established: Artemicoccus bispinus (Borchsenius, 1949) = A. unispinus (Borchsenius, 1949), syn. nov.
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