Several grapevine pathogens are disseminated by propagating material as systemic, but latent infections. Their detection and identification have a basic importance in the production and handling of propagating stocks. Thus several sensitive and reliable diagnostic protocols mostly based on molecular techniques have been developed. Of these methods quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) has recently got an emerging importance. Here we collected primer data for the detection and identification of grapevine pathogens which are important in the production of propagating stocks by q-PCR. Additional novel techniques that use DNA amplification, hybridization and  sequencing are also briefly reviewed.

Polymerase chain reaction driven by sequence specific primers has become the most widely used diagnostic method to detect and identify plant pathogens. The sensitive and cost-effective pathogen detection is exceptionally important in the production of propagating material. In this paper we have collected primer sequence data from the literature for the detection of the most important grapevine pathogens disseminated by propagating stocks by conventional polymerase chain reaction. Basic protocols to obtain template nucleic acids have also been briefly rewieved.

The present part of the series provides new records of 11 taxa, among them five lichen-forming fungi and six bryophytes. One lichen-forming fungus was discovered as new species in Hungary (Parmeliella triptophylla), however it was collected 115 years ago, this species should be considered as an extinct species in Hungary. One bryohyte is newly reported from Hungary (Brachytheciastrum olympicum). The occurrence of one lichen-forming fungus (Parmelia submontana) and two bryophyte species (Palustriella falcata, Ptychostomum pseudotriquetrum var. bimum) was confirmed in Hungary. Amendments to the known distribution of lichen-forming fungi species are reported from Hungary (Cladonia mitis) and Romania (Multiclavula mucida, Xanthoparmelia protomatrae) and three bryophytes from Hungary are also reported (Callicladium haldanianum, Codonoblepharon forsteri, Ephemerum cohaerens).