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The purpose of this study was the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) ICA-1 to p64 antigen of pancreatic beta cells and the comparative analysis of MoAB and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients' serum reactivity with cultivated islet cells. It was found that MoAB ICA-1 reacted with the surface of beta cells in suspension but with cytoplasm in frozen pancreatic sections. That MoAB ICA-1 and ICSA- or ICA-positive IDDM serum on insulin release in islet cell cultures produce similar effects was established. These results were obtained from in vivo injection of MoAB into rats and resulted in serum insulin decrease, increase of glucose concentration and morphological changes in pancreas corresponding to IDDM, which testified to the biological role of p64 antigen in pathogenesis of IDDM.

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Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most important problems of our time. This disease plays a significant role in the structure of chronic childhood pathology, leads to severe complications that invalidate a person, and significantly increases mortality at a young age. The study of the incidence of T1DM (the number of new cases of T1DM in a certain population within 1 year) allows you to get answers to a number of questions on its etiology and pathogenesis, to solve the problems of the need to allocate material resources for the organization of preventive and therapeutic measures. Information on the incidence of T1DM in the world applies in most cases to people under the age of 15 years, data for the age group up to 1820 years of age are less common. Epidemiological studies in various countries show an increase in the incidence of T1DM in children. This is shown by the example of Norway, the USA, Finland, Denmark from the 20s of our century, England - from the 50s and other countries over the past 20 years. It is possible to reliably distinguish a true increase in the incidence from an improvement in the detection of diabetes only on the basis of standardized epidemiological studies for certain periods of time. Many countries have compiled national childhood diabetes registries. Thus, in a number of countries standardized information on sex and age was obtained on the incidence of children with T1DM for at least 10 years, divided into 5-year periods. According to these data, the incidence rate has increased in the vast majority of countries over the past 10-20 years. It is noteworthy that the change, namely, an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children, is uneven. In some regions of the world, this indicator remained virtually unchanged over fairly long periods of time.