HLA phenotype was determined in 100 children (50 girls and 50 boys) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 5.9 ± 2.3 years, on an average, the mean age by the disease manifestation 2.7 + 1.1. Fifty-nine antigens belonging to classes I and II were analyzed. HLA markers of predisposition to IDDM in early childhood were revealed: DQw3 (Pcor = 3.4*10-5), DR3/DR4 (Pcor= 1.6*10-9), DR4 (Pcor = 7.8*10-12), DR3 (Pcor = 6.3*10-7), B8 (Pcor = 2.6*10-7), and the resistance marker DQw7 (Pcor = 1.1*10'8). HLA markers of predisposition to IDDM may hold promise for the study of genetically regulated mechanisms of IDDM development, serve the criteria for the prediction of disease course, and indicate the possible variants of diabetes in early childhood. Immunogenetic heterogeneity of IDDM in young children has been proved. In girls the DR4 antigen is more incident. B12 antigen is the key marker of IDDM in infants aged under one. If diabetes manifests before the age of three, the most frequent antigens are DR3 and DR3/4. DR3/4 is the precursor of grave course of diabetes and predisposition to allergic diseases. В13 indicates an etiologic relationship of diabetes with rubella. DQ1, DR1 and B35 point to relationships with varicella.

Цели. Инсулин деглудек (IDeg) -новый аналог инсулина, образующий после подкожного введения растворимые мульти-гексамеры, обеспечивающие сверхдлительное действие препарата (в 2 раза дольше инсулина гларгин [IGlar]

The National Register of Diabetes Mellitus in children living in Moscow has been created. By January 1, 1995 there were 892 children with insulin-dependent diabetes in Moscow. The prevalence and incidence of the disease were, respectively, 57 and 11.2 per 100,000 children. The degree of compensation of the metabolic control in the population in general was poor (Hb A1 13.4+2.8%, Hb Alc 10.012%). The incidence of diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, sensory neuropathy, microalbuminuria, limited morbidity of the joints, growth delay was 4.5, 3.2, 3.3, 8.7, 7, and 3.1%, respectively.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most important problems of our time. This disease plays a significant role in the structure of chronic childhood pathology, leads to severe complications that invalidate a person, and significantly increases mortality at a young age. The study of the incidence of T1DM (the number of new cases of T1DM in a certain population within 1 year) allows you to get answers to a number of questions on its etiology and pathogenesis, to solve the problems of the need to allocate material resources for the organization of preventive and therapeutic measures. Information on the incidence of T1DM in the world applies in most cases to people under the age of 15 years, data for the age group up to 1820 years of age are less common. Epidemiological studies in various countries show an increase in the incidence of T1DM in children. This is shown by the example of Norway, the USA, Finland, Denmark from the 20s of our century, England - from the 50s and other countries over the past 20 years. It is possible to reliably distinguish a true increase in the incidence from an improvement in the detection of diabetes only on the basis of standardized epidemiological studies for certain periods of time. Many countries have compiled national childhood diabetes registries. Thus, in a number of countries standardized information on sex and age was obtained on the incidence of children with T1DM for at least 10 years, divided into 5-year periods. According to these data, the incidence rate has increased in the vast majority of countries over the past 10-20 years. It is noteworthy that the change, namely, an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children, is uneven. In some regions of the world, this indicator remained virtually unchanged over fairly long periods of time.

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