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Целью исследования было изучение качества жизни лиц с нарушениями слуха в разных возрастных группах. Обследованы 100 пациентов, обратившихся в городской сурдологический центр для взрослых в связи с нарушением слуха: 50 человек - 34-59 лет, 50 - 60 лет и старше, из которых 32 человека были пожилого возраста (60-74 года)и 18 - старческого (75-86 лет). Степень тугоухости оценивали на основании результатов тональной пороговой аудиометрии. Для исследования качества жизни все пациенты заполняли общий опросник MOS SF-36, отражающий физический и психологический компоненты здоровья, а также специальный опросник HHIА(E)-S для лиц с нарушениями слуха. Установлено, что шкала HHIА(E)-S демонстрирует высокую корреляцию со степенью тугоухости у пациентов моложе 60 лет ( R =0,98; достоверность различий на уровне p <0,05), которая снижается у пациентов 60 лет и старше ( R =0,94; различия в оценках при разной степени тугоухости недостоверны). Значительные трудности в старшей возрастной группе могут быть связаны с тем, что людям пожилого и, особенно, старческого возраста сложно пользоваться слуховыми аппаратами (или они для них неэффективны) и оценивать свои затруднения по шкалам опросника. Целесообразно использовать шкалу HHIА(Е)-S в качестве скринингового инструмента для раннего выявления тугоухости, направления пациентов к сурдологу и своевременного слухопротезирования. The aim of the research was to study the quality of life in hearing impaired patients of different age. 100 patients referred to the city audiology centre because of their hearing disorders were examined: 50 patients from 34 to 59 years old and 50 patients from 60 years and older, from which 32 patients were of older age (60 to 74 years old) and 18 of oldest age (75 to 86 years old). A degree of hearing loss was assessed according to results of pure tone audiometry. To study the quality of life all patients filled in the questionnaire MOS SF-36, which evaluates physical and psychological components of health, and the questionnaire HHIA(E)-S, designed specifically for patients with hearing disorders. The HHIA(E)-S scale was found to show high correlation with hearing loss degree in patients younger than 60 years old ( R =0,98 with statistically significant difference, p <0,05), with decreasing correlation in patients from 60 years and older ( R =0,98; no significant difference while assessing various hearing loss degrees). Considerable difficulties in this age group may be explained by the fact, that older and especially oldest patients have a challenge with hearing aids usage (or they are of low efficiency for them) and with assessing theirs difficulties on the questionnaire scales. The HHIA(E)-S scale is useful as a screening tool for early detection of hearing loss, referral of patients to an audiologist and prompt hearing aid fitting.

Statistics keeps indicating that brain vascular diseases remain one of the most important medical and social problems of modern society. Rehabilitation of cerebral stroke, despite the effective diagnosis and quality treatment, is not always effective enough, partly because the system of rehabilitation of patients in our country is not sufficiently developed. Over the past decade, traditional rehabilitation methods have been supplemented by the developments based on the use of digital technology, computerized systems and robotic devices.The aim of the work is to summarize the achievements in the country in the field of rehabilitation of stroke patients over the last 5 years. Research method — literature review.Results. To date, virtual reality technologies, combined application of virtual reality technologies (BTS Nirvana) and training on the COBS platform (multifunctional simulator system), non-invasive neurocomputer interfaces have proved their effectiveness. These have been demonstrated the effectiveness in terms of rehabilitation the use of hypercapnic hypoxia and a number of stimulating technologies, including transcranial magnetic stimulation and electromyostimulation.

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In addition to the rapid spread of the pandemic in waves across the globe today, there is a growing problem called “long-COVID-19,” a term that describes the long-term effects of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. How the disease proceeds after “recovery,” including long-term physical and psychological health consequences, and the future of COVID-19 survivors remains largely unclear. This is especially true for older age groups. This article summarizes the experience of foreign studies aimed at determining the duration and clarifying the nature of multi-organ complications after suffering from COVID-19, as well as ways of the long-term rehabilitation of patients in older age groups with post-COVID syndrome.