Contrary to the moderate ballistic advantage of Al2O3 ceramics over MgAl2O4 polycrystals, the present study shows a reverse ratio of the ballistic strength of alumina and spinel single crystals: Spinel single crystals outperform sapphire and exhibit a similarly high stability as submicrometer Al2O3 ceramics. The results correlate with different cleavage of single crystalline spinel and sapphire, changing the fragmentation on ballistic impact.
Plates of SiC, TiB 2 and AI7O3 were impacted edge-on with steel projectiles at striking velocities between 20 m/s and 1000 m/s. Fracture propagation in the specimen was visualised by means of a Cranz-Schardin camera within the first twenty microseconds. The phenomenology of damage is discussed and compared for the different types of ceramics. The velocities of single cracks and crack fronts were measured. The experiments were supplemented by ceramographical investigations of recovered fragments. Void nucleation and coalescence could be identified as the failure mechanism in impacted Til^. Résumé-Les bords de plaques de SiC, TiB 2 et AI2O3 furent soumis à l'impact de projectiles d'acier à une vitesse d'impact entre 20 m/s et 1000 m/s. La propagation des fissures dans les spécimens a été visualisée par moyen d'une caméra Cranz-Schardin pendant les premières 20 lis après l'impact. La phénoménologie des dégâts est discutée et la comparaison a été faite entre les différents types de céramique. La vitesse des fissures simples et des fronts de fissures a été mesurée. Les essays furent complémentés par l'analyse céramographique d'éclats retrouvés. La nucléation de vides et la coalescence ont pu être identifiées comme mechanismes de défaillance dans le TÏB 2 soumis à l'impact.
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