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Paternal half-sib heritability and genetic correlation estimates were obtained utilizing data from 578 Hereford bulls from 66 sires. Bulls were maintained in three lines (weaning weight, postweaning gain and control) of an ongoing selection project. Growth performance traits studied were adjusted 205-d weaning weight, 365-d weight, individual feed efficiency, sonoray fat thickness and postweaning gain. Heritability estimates for these traits were .15 +/- .17, .33 +/- .19, .46 +/- .21, .28 +/- .18 and .52 +/- .21, respectively. Scrotal measurements taken were circumference of both testes and length and diameter of right testis at 205 and 365 d of age. Heritability estimates were .08 +/- .20, .07 +/- .20 and .28 +/- .24 at 205 d, and .44 +/- .24, .16 +/- .21 and .40 +/- .24 at 365 d, respectively. Excised testes traits, circumference, right testis length, diameter and weight, total sperm in the testes and sperm/gram of testes had heritability estimates of .21 +/- .26, .19 +/- .26, .02 +/- .24, .63 +/- .27, .14 +/- .21 and -.13 +/- .18, respectively. Genetic correlations of scrotal measurements at 205 d with scrotal measurements at 365 d and excised testes traits were negative. Scrotal measurements at 365 d had high positive genetic correlations with excised testes size, weight and total sperm. These relationships suggest that selection for increase of scrotal size at 365 d should increase testes size and weight and sperm numbers. Genetic correlations of weights and gain with scrotal measurements at 365 d and excised testes characteristics were moderate to high, in a favorable direction. Genetic correlations of testes traits with feed efficiency were essentially zero, while those with fat thickness were moderately positive. These results suggest that increasing testes size should not adversely affect growth performance traits except through the reduction in selection intensity.

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