Based on the comparison of anthocyanins’ accumulation in various parts of eggplant and Myb1 S. melongena polymorphisms using the Chi-squared test, the high efficiency of molecular markers, identifying Myb1-del6 and Myb1-del26 S. melongena alleles associated with impaired anthocyanins’ synthesis in fruits, was confirmed. As a result of studying the nature of anthocyanins’ accumulation in the fruits of S. melongena, depending on the allelic composition of the Myb1 gene in F1 hybrids and F2–F3 populations, an intermediate character of the inheritance of the trait “accumulation of anthocyanins in various parts of plants” was established in heterozygous eggplant forms with Мyb1-del6 and Мyb1-del26 alleles of the Мyb1 gene. Complete identity of the nucleotide composition of exon regions of the Myb2 S. melongena gene was demonstrated in the forms with different anthocyanins’ accumulation in fruits. Using the developed markers, a new breeding material for developing of functional nutrition varieties was obtained.

In order to use marker-assisted selection (MAS) methods in the development of hybrids and tomato varieties resistant to late blight, the efficiency of molecular markers to the alleles resistant to Phytophthora infestans known in the literature was assessed. High efficiency in the identification of homozygous and heterozygous forms using CAPS dTG63 (Hinf1) and SCAR NCLB-9-6678 markers to Ph2 and Ph3 alleles was established respectively. DNA extraction techniques, reaction mixture compositions, as well as amplification and visualization result modes were adapted. The presence of the Ph3 allele in F1-standard Adapt and Alamina hybrids, and F1 Azart, Agenchik, Dzivosny, and Black Brilliant hybrids included in the Register of Varieties of the Republic of Belarus, as well as in the breeding lines of the collections possessed by the Institute of Genetics and Cytology, NAS of Belarus, and the Belarusian State Agricultural Academy was demonstrated.

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