Hydrostatic steering is widespread in the construction of modern tractors. In recent years, it began to apply in designs of haulage trucks and high-speed crawler vehicles. This steering allows for the free arrangement of its main units, simplifies the design, reduces the material consumption of the machine and improves the working conditions of the driver. At the same time, the cost of manufacturing a hydrostatic power steering in recent years has significantly decreased due to the development of high technologies for the manufacture of its units. Hydrostatic steering is a purely hydraulic transmission with flexible connecting pipelines (hoses) of relatively high pressure, less reliable in operation than mechanical tractions, this requires increased attention to the reliability and safety of its operation. For this reason, it is not recommended for use on vehicles with transport speeds above 50 ... 60 km / h. In the known scientific literature there are practically no publications on methods for designing and calculating hydrostatic steering. In the educational literature on tractors, published by professors of the Moscow Polytechnic University, information is given on the design and methods for designing and calculating hydrostatic steering. The task of designing and calculating such a steering is selecting the necessary parameters for the hydraulic cylinder, the metering pump and the power source (drive pump) for it. These units are produced serially, from which the hydrostatic steering is designed. The technique of design and calculation of single-circuit and dual-circuit hydrostatic steering is considered. Information is provided on the characteristics of gerotor type metering pumps of foreign and domestic production.

The authors present the experimental results proving that in the real exploitation of a vehicle or a tractor self-exciting oscillations do not occur in friction pairs of friction clutch. This refers to friction clutches with asbestos, asbestos-free polymer and sintered powder friction pads.

The question of automation of the test bench for research and selection on the basis of experimental data of rational supply of L air by a local water evaporator cooler of a vehicle driver (tractor, car, road-building machine) is considered. In the design of an automated test bench made in the form of an open wind tunnel, along with an auxiliary electric fan, an electric heater of the treated air, a local air cooler and a human heat simulator Qh, there are elements for measuring and controlling the quantities L, Qh, the temperature t of the treated air and th - the body surface simulator. The imple- mentation of the control system with active computing devices, where the leading role is played by the STH0024UY-v3 thermostat with a remote temperature sensor DS18B20, containing a microprocessor and a control electrical relay. s Such modules for t and th are assigned the main function of automated control of the stand, and the personal computer provides execution of the program of automated control in the «pulse - pause - pulse» mode, and also performs the auxiliary task of collecting and storing information about the data of the research results. As a result of the automation of the test bench, the time is shortened and the laboriousness of the study is eliminated. At control experimental check of functional qualities of the stand it is established that in the manual control mode the stabilization of indications th, t and L at a given level is associated with a great emotional and physical load of the operator, as he must almost continuously monitor them and to some extent intuitively influence changing their mechanisms. At the same time, a considerable time is wasted to achieve the necessary result. Automated control can almost completely free the operator from unnecessary manipulation, and only at certain intervals (not more than 120 seconds) he controls the readings of the instruments without interfering with the work of the stand. This removes his emotional and physical load, and due to the exclusion of unnecessary manipulation of controls, the experiment time will be shortened.

The paper proposes the design of innovation water evaporative air cooler for the normalization of the thermal state of the tractor operator by the local supplying of air flow. To expand the market the device has two versions: voltage of 12 V DC , based on the use of a warm period in the cab of any size ; voltage of 220 V AC , based on the use of indoor stationary objects . It may be used either on the new tractor models or on the objects in use, with no coolers.

The article considers the application of laser light sources in exhaust gas mixture analyzers of automotive internal combustion engines. The authors show functional diagram of the installation where it is possible to carry out experiments on testing and selection of lasers for use in analyzers of gases contaminated by impurities. The possibility of using the coordinate photodetectors of FDK-124 type in analyzers of gas, polluted by microparticles, is presented as well.