The article is devoted to the origin, causes and degree of development of loanwords into the Japanese language from other languages throughout the history of the formation of the cultural identity of the Japanese nation. The first and most ancient loanwords are words and phrases from the ancient language of the Ainu peoples. The original Japanese language wago, a significant cultural layer of words of Chinese origin kango, foreign loanwords gairaigo and wasei gairaigo are described. Direct and indirect loanwords came from the Dutch, German, Swedish, Russian languages. The lexical layer of the most significant proportion of modern loanwords from English and American languages, which have a significant impact on the development and variability of the modern Japanese language, is considered. Examples of synonyms in the style of wago, kango and gairaigo are given. An assessment is given of the transformation of anglicisms in the means of telecommunications and Japanese mass culture in the era of globalization.

The article examines the historical and modern interpretation of the Japanese code of "Bushido", "The Way of the warrior", as the basic principles of morality and rules of conduct of warriors in life and society since about the X century. The penetration of the foundations of "Bushido" into the broad strata of society with the advent of the Edo era (1603-1867), gave it the character of national morality and equated it with the state ideology. An assessment is given of the transformation of the principles of "Bushido" into "Heimindo", "The Way of the commoner", in the XX century, an attempt to "elevate commoners to the status of samurai", preserving the ideals of loyalty, benevolence and justice in society. The preservation of the principles of "Bushido" in the Japanese national culture in the era of globalization is substantiated.

Annotation: the work is devoted to the study of the economic consequences of the earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011 off the eastern coast of the Japanese island of Honshu and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant. The features of the disaster of 2011 and the specific economic problems that the country faced, as well as the methods by which the government resolved them were considered. They touched upon the attitude of mankind to nuclear energy in the context of such man-made disasters. The work is valuable both for considering both the economic and cultural features of the "Land of the Rising Sun".