The aim of the study was to investigate efficacy of specific prevention of pneumococcal infection in high-risk group patients living at Krasnoyarsk krai. Methods. The study involved 12,080 patients with a high risk of pneumococcal infection including patients with chronic lung diseases, chronic heart failure (CHF) and diabetes mellitus. A special questionnaire was developed which included medical history for the previous 1 year and for 1 year after the vaccination. Results. CHF was diagnosed in 41.08% of patients, diabetes was diagnosed in 28.44%, chronic lung diseases were diagnosed in 30.07%; 2.4% of patients had pneumonia. PCV13 vaccine (Prevenar 13) was used in 9,986 patients (82.67%) including 5,070 patients (41.97%) vaccinated against flu and pneumococcus simultaneously. PPV23 (Pneumo-23) vaccine was used in 1,967 patients (16.28%) including 1,181 patients (9.83%) vaccinated against flu and pneumococcus simultaneously. Due to the broad-scale vaccination against pneumococcal infection, exacerbation rate reduced trice, number of hospitalisations related to exacerbations reduced by 11.5 times, morbidity of pneumonia reduced by 4.8 times, morbidity of acute respiratory infections and flu reduced by 6.6 times. Conclusion. The results confirmed high efficacy and safety of 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine and 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine. The vaccination allowed reducing morbidity of respiratory infection and decrease number of hospitalisations due to exacerbations of chronic diseases.
Клинико-лабораторная характе ристика больных внебольничными пневмониями на фоне гриппа А(H1N1)PDM09 Clinical-laboratory characteristics of patients with extramural pneumonia against the background of FLU A(H1N1)pdm09
Аннотация. В статье приведены особенности течения внебольничных пневмоний на фоне неэпидемического гриппа у 218 больных в период с 2009 по 2016 гг., в возрасте от 18 до 85 лет. Диагноз внебольничной пневмонии верифицировался на основании клинико-эпидемиологических данных в момент поступления в стационар; рентгенологических и лабораторных методов диагностики. Критериями тяжести течения являлись: степень дыхательной недостаточности, выраженность интоксикационного синдрома, объем воспалительной инфильтрации, наличие осложнений, декомпенсация сопутствующих заболеваний. Пневмонии на фоне неэпидемического гриппа чаще требуют госпитализации в среднем на 6-й день от начала заболевания, у женщин в возрасте от 21 до 49 лет с отягощенным преморбидным фоном (избыточная масса тела, ожирение, гипертоническая болезнь, ХОБЛ, хронический пиелонефрит). Основными клиническими проявлениями являются: острое начало, лихорадка в пределах 38-41°С, першение в горле и боль при глотании, боль в грудной клетке, одышка, цианоз кожных покровов, ослабленное дыхание при аускультации. Для внебольничных пневмоний на фоне неэпидемического гриппа характерно одностороннее поражение, преимущественно в правом легком. Изменения в гемограмме зависели от сроков поступления в стационар: лейкопения диагностирована в первые сутки заболевания, при более позднем поступлении в стационар -преобладал лейкоцитоз, а вот тромбоцитопения, наоборот, была выявлена при позднем поступлении в стационар. Ключевые слова: неэпидемический грипп, внебольничная пневмония, больные, тяжесть течения.
Modern high-technology methods for ischemic stroke treatment (systemic thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, thrombaspiration, stenting of cerebral arteries) can improve the rehabilitation potential and survival of patients. Important tasks here are selection for reperfusion and its performance on the greatest possible number of peracute patients. Mechanical thrombectomy combined with systemic thrombolysis is the most effective reperfusion strategy in the therapeutic window, but the availability of endovascular methods is limited to highly specialized centres. One way to solve this problem is to organize effective logistics with stroke patients, which will provide high-tech care for patients living far from large treatment centers due to regulated interaction between institutions at different levels.The aim of the study was to improve emergency interaction related to transfer of peracute stroke patients from primary vascular units and district hospitals of the Krasnoyarsk region to Krasnoyarsk Regional Vascular Center for thrombectomy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.