Healthcare professionals deal with the greatest prevalence of burnout syndrome (BS). The object of this paper is to study the effect of psychological climate and working conditions on risks of burnout in a team of healthcare professionals. Working conditions of 136 healthcare workers from the Saratov region who underwent little training were examined according to Regulation 2.2006–05. The level of burnout was estimated in accordance with the method of V. V. Boyko, and the psychological climate in a team was analyzed using A. F. Fiedler’s questionnaire. The results were processed with the help of Microsoft Еxcel 10 for Windows. Based on the research results, the BS signs were recorded in 52.3% of healthcare workers. Physical and emotional symptoms were predominant BS signs. Factors predisposing to BS in healthcare workers have been determined. It is established that there is a dependence between a harmful factor of working conditions and probable BS. The dependence acquires significance at 3.2 level of working conditions. It is determined that the risk of BS was 74.3% in the most unfavorable psychological climate, and didn’t reach 21% if the climate was favorable.

Maintaining health and commitment to a healthy lifestyle among students is the basis for their further professional activities, which is true not only for future physicians. The medical students’ hygiene education is especially important during their university studies, since it is an element of the future physician personality formation. The study was aimed to substantiate the technology for the medical students’ hygiene training provided as part of their classes at the Department of Hygiene. Hygiene training was performed in the group of 173 students of the General Medicine and Pediatric Faculties (index group) as part of the classes on hygiene at the Department of Hygiene, Pediatric Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, for one semester. The equivalent comparison group formed by the copy pair method also comprised 173 medical students of the General Medicine and Pediatric Faculties. Questioning and monitoring of the medical students’ progress were used to assess the hygiene training efficiency. The data were processed with the Statistica 13 PL software package. It was shown that the General Medicine and Pediatric Faculty students’ hygiene training, that involved the use of checklists and visual materials, provided as part of hygiene classes, was possible. During the classes at the Depatment of Hygiene 95.0% of medical students in the index group noted they had started to follow the recommendations from the checklist, while no students having1–2 meals a day were found; the students’ motivation to study hygiene as a subject improved, which was reflected in their end of semester grade that was (М±m) 86.6±0.6 points on average in the index group and 80.6±0.7 points on average in the comparison group (p≤0.05). Hygiene training of medical students provided during practical hygiene classes proved its effectiveness. The results of the test use of checklists during the semester were positive.

Building on the global medical historiography, this review attempts to demonstrate the continued interest and involvement of doctors in investigation of the influence of environmental factors, their epidemiological and pathological aspects, on life expectancy and health of human beings, as well as to cover the most significant domestically developed prevention measures applicable in everyday life, during epidemics and against occupational hazards. We have also attempted to outline the history of interinfluence of the two medical specializations, including the new round of their transformation as they merge into the digital reality of today. The review shows that when medicine, as science and trade, in Russia was going through its establishing phases in Russia, the prominent Russian experts underscored the need for integrated application of therapeutic and hygienic approaches, development of the most effective combination thereof with the aim of qualitative improvement of public health care. The article considers the historical prerequisites for development of the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, which are the key safeguards against diseases, and development of the hygiene, including occupational hygiene, from the moment of inception to the age of digital medicine we live in currently.

Building on the global medical historiography, this review attempts to demonstrate the continued interest and involvement of doctors in investigation of the influence of environmental factors, their epidemiological and pathological aspects, on life expectancy and health of human beings, as well as to cover the most significant domestically developed prevention measures applicable in everyday life, during epidemics and against occupational hazards. We have also attempted to outline the history of interinfluence of the two medical specializations, including the new round of their transformation as they merge into the digital reality of today. The review shows that when medicine, as science and trade, in Russia was going through its establishing phases in Russia, the prominent Russian experts underscored the need for integrated application of therapeutic and hygienic approaches, development of the most effective combination thereof with the aim of qualitative improvement of public health care. The article considers the historical prerequisites for development of the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, which are the key safeguards against diseases, and development of the hygiene, including occupational hygiene, from the moment of inception to the age of digital medicine we live in currently.

The article analyzes the experience of developing health preservation competencies of medical students in the context of blended learning and application of innovative health preservation techniques. Health preservation is a multilevel problem that requires an integrated approach implying readiness of medical graduates to respond flexibly to the changing landscape of their professional activities; therefore, the article discusses some promising options of mastering universal competencies and their integration into the educational process while factoring in the current knowledge on hygiene education, patterns of thinking, psychology of consciousness, decision-making and practical skills, all of which should be developed and consolidated by applying the various current forms, technologies and methods of work.