Abnormalities in auditory P300 test have been observed in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to investigate whether or not additional electrophysiological tests assist in making the clinical diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI), and we evaluated P300 changes in patients with non-demented PD and analyzed the correlation between the cognitive features and P300 changes. Twenty patients with PD who had been diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI group) according to the Movement Disorder Society (MDS) 2012 PD-MCI level II criteria, 21 patients with PD without cognitive impairment (PD-Normal group), and 20 control subjects (control group) who were neurologically normal were examined by the standard auditory oddball paradigm. The N100, P200, N200, and P300 latencies and N100-P200, P200-N200, and N200-P300 amplitudes were measured and analyzed. P300 latencies recorded from Fz, Cz, and Pz and N200 latency recorded from Fz were significantly longer in the PD-MCI group than in the PD-Normal and the control group (respectively p < 0.001, p = 0.041). P300 amplitude recorded from Fz was significantly lower in PD-MCI group than those in the other groups (p = 0.038). While P300 was obtained in all patients in the PD-Normal and the control group, it was lost in 35% of PD-MCI patients. The results show that P300 provides a diagnostic tool for detecting PDMCI. We suggest that P300 prolongation and loss of P300 potential could be used as supportive parameter in the diagnosis of PD-MCI.

This phenomenon is one of the well-known referred sensations and reveals how face transplantation relates to cortical plasticity.

Purpose: This study aims to specify the effects of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy based on Roy's adaptation model (RAM) on Alzheimer's patients' coping and adaptation skills, cognitive functions, and quality of life (QOL).Design and methods: This is an experimental and randomized controlled trial.Patients in the experimental group received cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) based on RAM. Findings:The cognitive function level of the experimental group was found to be higher than that of the control group at the end of the measurements (performed in the 7th week); the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).In the experimental group, dimensions of troubleshooting and focusing, making physical decisions, attention processing, systematizing, learning, and establishing relationships were found to be better than those of the control group after the application, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).However, after the application, QOL of the experimental group was found to be better than that of the control group following the measurements; the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).Practice implications: Psychiatric nurses should evaluate the patients using Standardize Mini-Mental Test Examination before applying RAM-based CST, and they should apply CST to early-and mid-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients at the end of the evaluation and work with groups consisting of six persons at most. Since the cognitive functions of individuals with AD decline from the first stage, coping-adaptation, and QOL levels will also be affected, so it is recommended to evaluate the cognitive functions, coping-adjustment and QOL levels of individuals before applying RAM-based CST. Trial registration number: NCT02229474

No abstract

No abstract