Effects of the cognitive stimulation therapy based on Roy's adaptation model on Alzheimer's patients’ cognitive functions, coping‐adaptation skills, and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to specify the effects of Cognitive Stimulation Therapy based on Roy's adaptation model (RAM) on Alzheimer's patients' coping and adaptation skills, cognitive functions, and quality of life (QOL).Design and methods: This is an experimental and randomized controlled trial.Patients in the experimental group received cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) based on RAM. Findings:The cognitive function level of the experimental group was found to be higher than that of the control group at the end of the measurements (performed in the 7th week); the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).In the experimental group, dimensions of troubleshooting and focusing, making physical decisions, attention processing, systematizing, learning, and establishing relationships were found to be better than those of the control group after the application, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).However, after the application, QOL of the experimental group was found to be better than that of the control group following the measurements; the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < .05).Practice implications: Psychiatric nurses should evaluate the patients using Standardize Mini-Mental Test Examination before applying RAM-based CST, and they should apply CST to early-and mid-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients at the end of the evaluation and work with groups consisting of six persons at most. Since the cognitive functions of individuals with AD decline from the first stage, coping-adaptation, and QOL levels will also be affected, so it is recommended to evaluate the cognitive functions, coping-adjustment and QOL levels of individuals before applying RAM-based CST. Trial registration number: NCT02229474

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies on cognitive function in patients with dementia—A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…In addition, the mean MMSE scores of all selected studies ranged from 5.1 to 23.5. Meanwhile, among the 38 baseline data on demographic characteristics, three studies did not record baseline values of cognitive function in subjects ( Cheung et al, 2019 ; Nagy et al, 2021 ; Rai et al, 2021 ), and three studies did not report exact baseline age data ( Cavallo and Angilletta, 2019 ; Lok et al, 2020 ; Qi et al, 2021 ), but all conform to our inclusion criteria.…”

Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomization controlled and nonrandomized controlled studies on nurse‐led nonpharmacological interventions to improve cognition in people with dementia

“…In meta‐analysis, studies identified as high‐risk in the quality appraisal were excluded. Studies (Burgener et al, 2008; i Ferrer & Del Valle, 2014; Lim et al, 2009; Lok et al, 2020; Tappne & Hain, 2013) that did not have a control group, mean score of outcomes at follow‐up or standard deviation values were also excluded from the meta‐analysis. Therefore, the meta‐analysis was performed on 15 studies (Figure 4).…”

“…Moreover, nurse‐led single nonpharmacological interventions were found to be effective in the meta‐analysis, and cognitive stimulation was the most common type of nurse‐led single nonpharmacological intervention, as it was implemented in 7 studies (Duru Aşiret & Kapucu, 2016; Hong & Kang, 2009; Lok et al, 2019; Lok et al, 2020; Tadaka & Kanagawa, 2007; van Bogaert et al, 2013; Wang, 2007).…”

Home-Based Individualized Cognitive Stimulation (iCS) Therapy in Portuguese Psychiatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…We also demonstrated that the improvements in these QoL dimensions were significantly higher in the experimental group. Previous studies targeting neuropsychiatric patients and healthy older adults have already reported the association between cognitive interventions and QoL improvement (e.g., Grasso et al [ 54 ]; Lok et al, [ 55 ]; Kazazi et al [ 56 ]), whereas others failed to find such an association (e.g., Orrell et al [ 57 ]). Potentially, since the QoL measures used included an assessment of cognition, the intervention modified our QoL results as well.…”