Triclosan is one of the most used active ingredients in antibacterial personal care products and its usage increased in recent years. Triclosan has recently attracted the attention researchers from the fields of water treatment due to its existence in water environments. This study has been executed to investigate the removal of triclosan with photo-Fenton process and to observe by-product formation after oxidation. Effects of operational parameters namely the concentrations of Triclosan, H2O2 and Fe(II) on oxidation of triclosan were investigated by using Box-Behnken statistical experiment design and the surface response analysis. It was found that the triclosan concentration has a more profound effect than H2O2 and Fe(II) concentrations for removal of triclosan in the aqueous solution. Complete removal of triclosan was accomplished within a hour, however, complete mineralization was not occurred even within sixty minutes indicating formation of some intermediate compounds such as 2,4-Dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol. Optimal H2O2/Fe(II)/TCS ratio resulting by maximum triclosan removal (98.5%) was found to be 50/2/0.1, respectively. Özet: Triklosan, antibakteriyel kişisel bakım ürünlerinde en çok kullanılan aktif maddelerden biridir ve son yıllarda kullanımı artmıştır. Bu çalışmada, triklosanın foto-Fenton yöntemi ile arıtılması ve yan ürünlerinin oluşumu araştırılmıştır. Triklosan, H2O2 ve Fe(II) konsantrasyonlarının triklosan giderimine olan etkileri, Box-Behnken istatistiksel deney tasarımı ve yüzey cevabı analizi kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Triklosan derişiminin triklosan gideriminde H2O2 ve Fe(II) derişimlerinden daha etkin olduğu gözlenmiştir. Triklosan'ın tamamen parçalanması bir saatte gerçekleşirken tamamen mineralizasyonu gerçekleşmemiştir. 2,4-Diklorofenol ve 2,4,6-Triklorofenol gibi bazı ara bileşiklerin oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Foto-Fenton prosesinde, en yüksek triklosan giderimi (%98.5) için H2O2/Fe(II)/TCS oranının 50/2/0.1 olduğu saptanmıştır. *Sorumlu yazar: Ebru ÇOKAY ebru.cokay@deu.edu.tr
The Büyük Menderes River, the one of the most important rivers in the Aegean side of Turkey serves as a resource for various water uses. Therefore, environmental quality of the Büyük Menderes River basin is a critic issue due to great pressure from a diverse range of humans and their activities. Heavy metals are one of the most known priority or special pollutants in aquatic ecosystem. The free metal ion is the most toxic form to aquatic life. Thus, determining the total concentration of a heavy metal in a water sample provides relative information about its toxicity. The European Union (EU) declared that metals as one of the most significant pollutants to be controlled and monitored in water bodies based on Water Framework Directive (WFD) that focuses on providing sustainable management of river, lake, transition, ground and coastal waters. The main objective of WFD is to achieve "good ecological and chemical status" to protect human health, water supply, natural ecosystems, and biodiversity. In this work, the detected heavy metal concentrations of 19 metals at 15 lakes, 2 transition, 4 coastal and 26 river-sampling stations of Büyük Menderes River Basin (BMRB) were monitored for a year according to EQS values. Monthly and annual average concentrations of heavy metals were evaluated, and the results were presented with environmental quality standards namely Annual Allowable Concentration (AA-EQS) and Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC-EQS).
Öz Atrazine (ATZ) which is a triazine herbicide can be used for the control weeds on agricultural land and it is classified as an endocrine disrupting pesticide. ATZ is persistent in water and soil due to its halflife and slow degradation by means of sunlight and microorganism. The heterogeneous Fenton process is an effective technique for degrading atrazine because of the oxidation and adsorption of pollutants by hydroxyl radical. The hydroxyl radical formation has been accelerated by addition of hydrogen peroxide and magnetite. heterogeneous Photo-Fenton like oxidation were executed to remove atrazine in this study. Effects of independent variables namely the concentrations of atrazine, hydrogen peroxide and magnetite on atrazine removal efficiency were investigated by using the surface response analysis. Atrazine degradation was completely achieved with an hour. Optimal H2O2/Magnetite/ATZ ratio resulting by optimum atrazine removal efficiency (97.5%) was determined as 10/5/0.7, respectively. Atrazin (ATZ) triazin herbisit olup tarım arazileri üzerindeki kontrol bitkileri için kullanılmaktadır. Endokrin bozucu bir pestisit olarak sınıflandırılmaktadır. ATZ, yarı ömrnün uzun olması, güneş ışığı ve mikroorganizma ile parçalanması yavaş olması nedeni ile nedeniyle su ve toprakta kalıcıdır. Heterojen Fenton prosesi ile kirletici maddelerin hidroksil radikali ile oksitlenmesi ve adsorpsiyonu mümkün olup atrazinin parçalanması için etkili bir yöntemdir. Hidroksil radikal oluşumu hidrojen peroksit ve manyetit kullanımı ile artırılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada atrazini giderebilmek için heterojen Foto-Fenton benzeri oksidasyon yöntemi uygulanmıştır. İstatiksel yöntemi olan yüzey yanıt yönteminde; atrazin, hidrojen peroksit ve manyetit konsantrasyonlarının bağımsız değişkenlerin atrazin giderme verimi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Atrazinin tamamen parçalanması bir saatlik reaksiyon süresinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Optimum H2O2/Manyetit/ATZ oranı 10/5/0.7 olarak belirlenmiştir ve optimum oranda atrazin giderme verimi %97.5 olarak elde edilmiştir.
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